Relation between holiday weight gain and total energy expenditure among 40- to 69-y-old men and women (OPEN study)

Cook, Christopher; Subar, Amy F.; Troiano, Richard P.; Schoeller, Dale A.

doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.023036

Cited by 30 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This is consistent with other studies; in which a weight gain of less than 0.5 kg during this period was reported [3,8,12,13]. Only in the study of Reid and Hackett a 0.93 kg weight gain was reported in subjects [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effect of Norouz holiday on anthropometric measures and body composition

Payab

Hasani‐Ranjbar

Zahedi

et al. 2015

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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BackgroundThis study examined the effect of holiday season on the anthropometric measures in Shariati hospital staff.MethodsThis study was conducted in 2014 on 66 subjects, aged 21–68 years. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist -to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to- height ratio (WHtR) and physical activity were measured. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method and the Tanita body composition analyzer were used to analyze body composition.ResultsIn this study, 80.3% of subjects were female and 19.7% were male. The mean age of subjects was 39.5 (SD: 9.7) years (range: 21–68). The percentage of overweight and obesity in the study population were 40.9% and 12.1%, respectively. After the holiday, participants gained 0.58 kg of weight and 0.19 units of BMI) P < 0.001). The average of WC, WHR and WHtR also increased after the holiday; however they were not statistically significant. Basal metabolic rate and fat free mass raised significantly, but the amount of fat mass decreased after the holiday.ConclusionThe holiday season is a critical period for weight gain and body fat. It’s highly recommended to weight daily during the holiday season and to increase their physical activity while limiting high-calorie foods.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effect of Norouz holiday on anthropometric measures and body composition

Payab

Hasani‐Ranjbar

Zahedi

et al. 2015

J Diabetes Metab Disord

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“…2003; Cook et al. 2012). Briefly, the primary purpose of the study was to assess error in self‐reported dietary data using doubly labeled water (DLW) for total energy expenditure (TEE) and urinary nitrogen for protein intake.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2003; Cook et al. 2012). Three post‐dose urine specimens were collected over the next 2–4 h and analyzed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of two-week change in body weight under unrestricted free-living conditions

et al. 2017

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The composition of weight change has a large impact on energy balance calculations. Composition of long‐term weight change interventions is well‐documented, but information on short‐term weight change under unrestricted free‐living conditions is limited. The composition and energy density of the changes in body weight during 2‐week free‐living conditions were analyzed in adults from two cohorts: cohort 1 (n = 24) included participants from the reproducibility subset of the Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition study; cohort 2 (n = 22) included participants who were studied under free‐living conditions in an ongoing study in the Chicago area. Change in body weight, total body water (TBW) by stable isotope dilution (cohort 1), and fat mass (FM) and fat‐free mass (FFM) by serial DXA (cohort 2) were measured. To determine the fractional composition of the change in body weight we analyzed the linear associations between changes in body weight and changes in body composition. In the combined dataset, the average change in body weight (0.26 ± 1.2 kg) was consistent with being in energy balance. Average change in body weight was associated with the change in TBW (P < 0.0001) in cohort 1 and the change in FFM (P = 0.0002) in cohort 2. A unit change in body weight was composed of 84% change in FFM in the combined dataset indicating that 2‐week fluctuation in body weight is largely composed of FFM. The energy density of 1–3 kg short‐term changes in body weight averaged 2380 kcal/kg.

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“…The relatively small effect may occur because caloric intake fluctuates over time, which limits the predictive validity of habitual intake from only a 2-week observational period. Indeed, there is evidence that weight gain often occurs more over the holidays and on weekends versus on weekdays (Cook, Subar, Troiano, & Schoeller, 2012), suggesting that it might be necessary to collect serial measures of objectively measured caloric intake to more accurately predict future weight gain based on caloric intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some studies have not found a significant relation between EE and future weight gain (Tataranni et al, 2003; Cook et al, 2012; Stunkard, Berkowitz, Stallings, & Schoeller, 1999; Goran et al, 1998; Luke et al, 2009), others have shown a positive relation between EE and future weight gain, indicating that higher, rather than lower EE is related to weight gain (Goran et al, 1998; Schoeller, 2008; Stunkard, Berkowitz, Schoeller, Maislin, & Stallings, 2004; Luke et al, 2007). In our sample, there was a significant positive correlation between DLW estimated EE and EI ( r = .71), and when EE is entered into the same linear mixed effects model instead of EI, it showed a significant positive relation to future weight gain ( t (202) = 2.10, p = .04, r = .15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated objectively measured but not self-reported energy intake predicts future weight gain in adolescents

Stice

Durant

2014

Appetite

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Background Although obesity putatively occurs when individuals consume more calories than needed for metabolic needs, numerous risk factor studies have not observed significant positive relations between reported caloric intake and future weight gain, potentially because reported caloric intake is inaccurate. Objective The present study tested the hypothesis that objectively measured habitual energy intake, estimated with doubly labeled water, would show a stronger positive relation to future weight gain than self-reported caloric intake based on a widely used food frequency measure. Design 253 adolescents completed a doubly labeled water (DLW) assessment of energy intake (EI), a food frequency measure, and a resting metabolic rate (RMR) assessment at baseline, and had their body mass index (BMI) measured at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-ups. Results Controlling for baseline RMR, elevated objectively measured EI, but not self-reported habitual caloric intake, predicted increases in BMI over a 2-year follow-up. On average, participants under-reported caloric intake by 35%. Conclusions Results provide support for the thesis that self-reported caloric intake has not predicted future weight gain because it is less accurate than objectively measured habitual caloric intake, suggesting that food frequency measures can lead to misleading findings. However, even objectively measured caloric intake showed only a moderate relation to future weight gain, implying that habitual caloric intake fluctuates over time and that it may be necessary to conduct serial assessments of habitual intake to better reflect the time-varying effects of caloric intake on weight gain.

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Relation between holiday weight gain and total energy expenditure among 40- to 69-y-old men and women (OPEN study)

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

The effect of Norouz holiday on anthropometric measures and body composition

The effect of Norouz holiday on anthropometric measures and body composition

Composition of two-week change in body weight under unrestricted free-living conditions

Elevated objectively measured but not self-reported energy intake predicts future weight gain in adolescents

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