Reinforcement of Na-Alginate Based Films with Carrot Juice Processing Wastes

Abstract

A lginate is naturally found in the structure of brown microalgae and composed of D-mannuronate and L-guluronate monomers [1, 2, 3]. It is water-soluble and biodegradable polysaccharide that has film-forming ability thus can be utilized in bio-based film formulations for food packing applications [1, 4, 5]. By having a hydrophilic matrix, alginate has a poor resistance to water vapour, therefore either cross linking with the polyvalent ions or reinforcement with cellulosic fibres for improving the water barrier and mechanical properties is recommended in the literature [1, 2, 6, 7, 8]. Nanocellulose addition to the Na-alginate based films at 5% rate improved the WVP and the tensile strength was also increased at the same nanocellulose enrichment level [9]. However, the cellulose fibres and cellulose nanowhiskers that were extracted from mulberry pulp addition to Na-alginate based films had different impact on mechanical and water barrier properties [8]. The cellulose nanowhiskers at each reinforcement level had higher tensile strength and elastic modulus compared to the control film, while the cellulose fibre addition had a negative effects on these mechanical parameters. Both of these cellulosic sources did not impro-Article History:

Optimization of Cellulosic Fiber Extraction from Parsley Stalks and Utilization as Filler in Composite Biobased Films

“…The thickness of the films was increased significantly ( p < 0.05) upon the addition of increasing levels of untreated PF or PSE, as shown in Table 6 . Similar to our findings, the addition of several fillers such as alkali-treated plant fiber, bioactive plant extract, essential oils or solid nanoparticles into gum Arabic or alginate-based film matrix resulted in an increase in film thickness [ 26 , 28 , 34 , 35 ]. This effect is likely due to the increased solid content or variation in the film microstructure (surface roughness) by the addition of filler [ 26 , 29 , 35 ].…”

A Novel Strong Cyan Luminescence Emission of Tb2O3 Particles

“…Phase analysis of the calcined particles was performed with Cu-K α radiation at a 1° scan rate in the 2θ range of 15-75° degrees by X-ray diffraction (XRD) using Bruker D8 Discover. Crystallinity index (CI) value was computed, bene ting XRD diffraction peaks' broadenings [23]. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis was recorded between 4000 and 400 cm − 1 using Perkin Elmer Spectrum Two.…”