Regulatory T cells from active non-segmental vitiligo exhibit lower suppressive ability on CD8+CLA+ T cells

Lin, Mao; Zhang, Baoxiang; Shen, Nan; Dong, Xuejiao; Zhang, Ci; Qi, Xiaoyi; Zhu, Jie; Man, Mao‐Qiang; Tu, Caixia

doi:10.1684/ejd.2014.2436

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are crucial to the development of self-tolerance. Tregs have been found to be less abundant in vitiligo skin and their functional activity compromised [118][119][120]. The paucity of Tregs in vitiligo skin is likely crucial for perpetual antimelanocyte reactivity in this progressive and chronic disease.…”

Section: Bergqvist/ezzedinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paucity of Tregs in vitiligo skin is likely crucial for perpetual antimelanocyte reactivity in this progressive and chronic disease. Indeed, Tregs show lower expression of transforming growth factor β 1 in active vitiligo patients [119]. The number of Tregs expressing FoxP3, the transcription factor that downregulates T-cell activation, is reduced significantly in lesional skin [120].…”

Section: Bergqvist/ezzedinementioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitiligo: A Review

2020

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Vitiligo, a common depigmenting skin disorder, has an estimated prevalence of 0.5-2% of the population worldwide. The disease is characterized by the selective loss of melanocytes which results in typical nonscaly, chalky-white macules. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the pathogenesis of vitiligo which is now clearly classified as an autoimmune disease. Vitiligo is often dismissed as a cosmetic problem, although its effects can be psychologically devastating, often with a considerable burden on daily life. In 2011, an international consensus classified segmental vitiligo separately from all other forms of vitiligo, and the term vitiligo was defined to designate all forms of nonsegmental vitiligo. This review summarizes the current knowledge on vitiligo and attempts to give an overview of the future in vitiligo treatment.

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Section: Bergqvist/ezzedinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bergqvist/ezzedinementioning

confidence: 99%

Vitiligo: A Review

2020

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“… 6 Lin et al. 7 further confirmed that Treg cells of vitiligo patients in the progressive stage became less capable of inhibiting CD8+CLAT+ cells. In 2012, Kotobuki et al 8 found Th17 cell infiltration in the skin of most vitiligo patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

A case series pilot study on the combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid and photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for treatment of vitiligo

Zhang

Lin

Guo

et al. 2018

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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BackgroundTo study the effective therapeutic concentration, drug application duration, irradiation duration and irradiation dosage of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for treating vitiligo and observe its clinical efficacy.ObjectiveTo assess the clinical efficacy of ALA-PDT for treating vitiligo.MethodsALA with different drug concentrations, drug application durations, irradiation durations and irradiation dosages were adopted to treat skin lesions caused by vitiligo to determine the effective drug concentration, drug application duration, irradiation duration and irradiation dosage for treating three vitiligo volunteers and observe the therapeutic results.ResultsThe clinical trial suggested that ALA at a drug concentration of 1.5%, drug application duration for 3 hours, irradiation dosage of 80mw/cm2 and irradiation duration for 20 min was effective in treating vitiligo. Under these parameters, ALA-PDT was effective to the three vitiligo volunteers, with mild pain and feeling of burning but no other adverse reaction during treatment.Study limitationsDue to the small sample size in this study for the effectiveness of PDT in treating vitiligo and the potential variations in the efficacy for treating the disease at different areas, further studies shall be conducted for confirmation.ConclusionsALA with a drug concentration at 1.5%, drug application duration for 3 hours, irradiation dosage of 80 mw/cm2 and irradiation duration for 20 min is effective in treating vitiligo. Therefore, ALA-PDT is safe and effective in treating the disease, with minor adverse events, providing a new method for treating vitiligo in the future.

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“…Aberrant functional Tregs from active vitiligo patients have been shown to compromise suppressive activities towards CD8 + T cells in vitiligo [61,62]. Not surprisingly, uninhibited CD8 + T cells can contribute to robust and lasting depigmentation.…”

Section: Adaptive Immunity In Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies reported alterations in the number and/or function in Tregs from vitiligo patients [63,64]. Tregs showed lower expression of TGF-β in active vitiligo [62]. In addition, the transcription factor FoxP3 that can downregulate T cell activation and cytokine genes (e.g., encoding IL-2, IL-4) while upregulating immunosuppressive cell-surface molecules (e.g., CD25, CTLA-4), is the most reliable Treg marker and the number of Tregs expressing FoxP3 is reduced significantly in lesional skin [64].…”

Section: Adaptive Immunity In Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of New Advances in the Pathogenesis of Vitiligo: From Oxidative Stress to Autoimmunity

2019

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Vitiligo is an autoimmune cutaneous disease in which melanocytes are destroyed by CD8 + T cells resulting in disfiguring white spots. From the very beginning of the disease, oxidative stress plays a significant role in promoting the onset of vitiligo, as noted by many studies. Multiple factors lead to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and collaboratively cause ROS accumulation in vulnerable melanocytes. However, ROS are responsible for melanocyte damage manifested by the level of molecules, organelles, and cells, and the generation of autoantigens, through different pathways related to the dysregulation of melanocytes. Recent studies have shown that presentation of autoantigens is mediated by innate immunity, which bridges the gap between oxidative stress and adaptive immunity. The recruitment of CD8 + T cells induced by cytokines and chemokines guarantees the final destruction of epidermal melanocytes. Moreover, emerging concerns regarding regulatory T cells and resident memory T cells help explain the reinstatement and relapse of vitiligo. Here, we provide new perspectives in the advances in understanding of this disease pathogenesis and we attempt to find more interrelationships between oxidative stress and autoimmunity.

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Regulatory T cells from active non-segmental vitiligo exhibit lower suppressive ability on CD8+CLA+ T cells

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Vitiligo: A Review

Vitiligo: A Review

A case series pilot study on the combination of 5-aminolevulinic acid and photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for treatment of vitiligo

Perspectives of New Advances in the Pathogenesis of Vitiligo: From Oxidative Stress to Autoimmunity

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