Regulatory roles of introns in fungicide sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum

Abstract

Although the roles of introns have been much debated in eukaryotic organisms, none of them have been functionally characterized in Fusarium graminearum. In this study, we characterized the roles of introns in regulation of fungicide-sensitivity of F. graminearum. β tub, cyp51A and myosin-5 are important target genes of benzimidazoles, triazoles and cyanoacrylates respectively. To explore the sensitivity regulation functions of introns in target genes, several detailed deletion studies were completed on the intronic regions of β tub, cyp51A and myosin-5. Phenotypic analyses showed that deletion of the fourth intron from β tub gene (designated β Δi4), the sole intron from cyp51A gene (cyp51A-Δi) and the second intron from myosin-5 gene (myo5-Δi2) exhibited an increased sensitivity to corresponding fungicides. In contrast, deletion of the first or second intron from β tub gene exhibited a decreased sensitivity to carbendazim. qRT-PCR showed that the mRNA transcript levels of target genes were significantly downregulated in β Δi4, cyp51A-Δi and myo5-Δi2 respectively. Meanwhile, Western blot assays revealed that the protein expression levels of β tub was also dramatically reduced in β Δi4, but accumulated in β Δi1 and β Δi2. Overall, our results indicate that introns in target genes significantly regulate the fungicide-sensitivity by influencing expression of the corresponding resident genes in F. graminearum.

Diversity of theFusariumpathogens associated with crown rot in the Huanghuai wheat‐growing region of China

“…causing FCR. In the closely related species F. graminearum , the regulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) production (Jiang et al ., ), fungicide sensitivity (Li et al ., ), fungal development and plant infection (Li et al ., ) and polarized growth and pathogenicity (Zheng et al ., ) have been reported recently. But there are few studies on functional genes of F. pseudograminearum .…”

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Fusarium graminearum-Responsive lncRNAs in Triticum aestivum

“…T. aestivum seeds were grown in a light incubator at 25 °C for two and a half days, under a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark, then the tips of the coleoptile were cut off quickly with aseptic scissors for F. graminearum inoculation. A 3-acetyldeoxy-nivalenol (3ADON) chemotype strain F. graminearum 2021 [ 30 , 31 ], isolated from a field experiencing an FHB epidemic in Zhejiang Province, China, was used as the parental strain in this study. F. graminearum 2021 were cultivated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium for 3–4 days, and then, high-activity hyphae at the edge of the colony were collected and shook in 3% sterile mung bean broth at 25 °C at 175 rpm for 3 days.…”

Functional Roles of α 1 -, α 2 -, β 1 -, and β 2 -Tubulins in Vegetative Growth, Microtubule Assembly, and Sexual Reproduction of Fusarium graminearum

“…It is also not clear whether deletion of α 1 -or α 2 -tubulin has different impacts on microtubule assembly. In addition to different phenotypes, previous studies showed that Δα 1 , Δα 2 , Δβ 1 and Δβ 2 mutants exhibited different sensitivity to MBC, which was just partly explained by the different expression level (30,31,35). Therefore, this study mainly focused on the interaction between α-and β-tubulins and their functional roles on microtubule assembly.…”