Regulatory and Planning Approaches to Protecting Salmonids in an Urbanizing Environment

Molina, Nancy

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8818-7_3

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Alternative futures analysis (also known as "futuring" or "scenario planning") also could be used to predict potential local and regional changes in watersheds over time in response to changes in human demographics and land use patterns . Alternative futures analysis is a spatially explicit modeling approach that can be used to predict future land use patterns across landscapes, and the likely effects that land use policies and actions will have on watershed functions (e.g., increased stormwater runoff and erosion, water quality impairment) and stream ecosystems (e.g., loss of riparian cover, channel straightening, and increased road crossings and migration barriers; Molina 2014). The process includes characterizing current and historical landscapes within the geographic area of concern and the present trajectory of landscape change Hulse et al 2004).…”

Section: Changing Land Use Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientifically Defensible Fish Conservation and Recovery Plans: Addressing Diffuse Threats and Developing Rigorous Adaptive Management Plans

et al. 2016

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We discuss the importance of addressing diffuse threats to long‐term species and habitat viability in fish conservation and recovery planning. In the Pacific Northwest, USA, salmonid management plans have typically focused on degraded freshwater habitat, dams, fish passage, harvest rates, and hatchery releases. However, such plans inadequately address threats related to human population and economic growth, intra‐ and interspecific competition, and changes in climate, ocean, and estuarine conditions. Based on reviews conducted on eight conservation and/or recovery plans, we found that though threats resulting from such changes are difficult to model and/or predict, they are especially important for wide‐ranging diadromous species. Adaptive management is also a critical but often inadequately constructed component of those plans. Adaptive management should be designed to respond to evolving knowledge about the fish and their supporting ecosystems; if done properly, it should help improve conservation efforts by decreasing uncertainty regarding known and diffuse threats. We conclude with a general call for environmental managers and planners to reinvigorate the adaptive management process in future management plans, including more explicitly identifying critical uncertainties, implementing monitoring programs to reduce those uncertainties, and explicitly stating what management actions will occur when pre‐identified trigger points are reached.

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Section: Changing Land Use Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientifically Defensible Fish Conservation and Recovery Plans: Addressing Diffuse Threats and Developing Rigorous Adaptive Management Plans

et al. 2016

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“…Such changes affect various ecosystem characteristics, including streamflow, hydrological connectivity and fish passage barriers, water quality (e.g., temperature, turbidity, anthropogenic toxic chemicals, and sediment loads), instream physical habitat quality, invasive nonnative species, and aquatic biota composition . In Oregon, land use regulations aim to protect agricultural and forest lands from widespread development (Molina 2014). Nevertheless, human population growth inevitably leads to conversion of native ecosystems and natural resource lands (e.g., agriculture and timber) to urban, rural residential, and industrial lands.…”

Section: Changing Land Use Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full Issue PDF, Volume 41, Issue 6

2016

Fisheries

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“…For example, regular meetings between governmental agencies and citizen stakeholders with interests in Johnson Creek during the early 1990s precipitated the creation of the Johnson Creek Watershed Council (JCWC) in 1995, which coincided with the statewide establishment of watershed councils and the development of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The Oregon Plan emphasizes voluntary stream restoration and the tight linkage between longterm watershed health, the local economy, and quality of life (Johnson Creek Watershed Council, 2013;Molina, 2014). As such, JCWC shows an exemplary case of the coupled human and water system through active stream restoration and monitoring (Riley, 1998).…”

Section: Relationship Between Water Governance and Water Quality Monimentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between environmental governance and water quality in a growing metropolitan area of the Pacific Northwest, USA

Chang

Thiers

Netusil

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. We investigate relationships between environmental governance and water quality in two adjacent growing metropolitan areas in the western US. While the Portland, Oregon and Vancouver, Washington metro areas share many common biophysical characteristics, they have different land development histories and water governance structures, providing a unique opportunity for examining how differences in governance might affect environmental quality. We conceptualize possible linkages in which water quality influences governance directly, using monitoring efforts as a metric, and indirectly by using the change in the sale price of single-family residential properties. Governance may then influence water quality directly through riparian restoration resulting from monitoring results and indirectly through land use policy. We investigate evidence to substantiate these linkages. Our results showed that changes in monitoring regimes and land development patterns differed in response to differences in growth management policy and environmental governance systems. Our results also showed similarities in environmental quality responses to varying governance systems. For example, we found that sales prices responded positively to improved water quality (e.g., increases in DO and reductions in bacteria counts) in both cities. Furthermore, riparian restoration efforts improved over time for both cities, indicating the positive effect of governance on this land-based resource that may result in improved water quality. However, as of yet, there were no substantial differences across study areas in water temperature over time, despite an expansion of these urban areas of more than 20 % over 24 years.The mechanisms by which water quality was maintained was similar in the sense that both cities benefited from riparian restoration, but different in the sense that Portland benefited indirectly from land use policy. A combination of long-term legacy effects of land development, and a relatively short history of riparian restoration in both the Portland and Vancouver regions, may have masked any subtle differences between study areas. An alternative explanation is that both cities exhibited combinations of positive indirect and direct water quality governance that resulted in maintenance of water quality in the face of increased urban growth. These findings suggest that a much longer-term water quality monitoring effort is needed to identify the effectiveness of alternative land development and water governance policies.

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Regulatory and Planning Approaches to Protecting Salmonids in an Urbanizing Environment

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Scientifically Defensible Fish Conservation and Recovery Plans: Addressing Diffuse Threats and Developing Rigorous Adaptive Management Plans

Scientifically Defensible Fish Conservation and Recovery Plans: Addressing Diffuse Threats and Developing Rigorous Adaptive Management Plans

Full Issue PDF, Volume 41, Issue 6

Relationships between environmental governance and water quality in a growing metropolitan area of the Pacific Northwest, USA

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