Regulation of<scp>ABA</scp>and<scp>GA</scp>Levels during Seed Development and Germination in<i>Arabidopsis</i>

Yamaguchi, Shinjiro; Kamiya, Yûji; Nambara, Eiji

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0283

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…On the contrary, the two selected shaker -like K + channel genes were induced by both IAA and IAM. The presented results on KT/KUP/HAK transporters might suggest an antagonistic regulatory effect of IAA and IAM in embryo cell expansion that is similar to that of ABA and gibberellic acid (GA) in the control of seed development and germination [ 81 ]. This notion of a regulatory effect of IAA and IAM over the course of seed maturation is further supported by a possible crosstalk of IAA with the ABA:GA nexus during seed germination in soybean [ 82 ] and a possible control of endogenous IAM level during seed maturation through the transcriptional control of an IAM converting hydrolase (AMI1) by LEC2 [ 83 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Two Auxin-Regulated Potassium Transporters Involved in Seed Maturation

Tenorio-Berrío

Pérez‐Alonso

Vicente‐Carbajosa

et al. 2018

IJMS

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The seed is the most important plant reproductive unit responsible for the evolutionary success of flowering plants. Aside from its essential function in the sexual reproduction of plants, the seed also represents the most economically important agricultural product worldwide, providing energy, nutrients, and raw materials for human nutrition, livestock feed, and countless manufactured goods. Hence, improvements in seed quality or size are highly valuable, due to their economic potential in agriculture. Recently, the importance of indolic compounds in regulating these traits has been reported for Arabidopsis thaliana. The transcriptional and physiological mechanisms involved, however, remain largely undisclosed. Potassium transporters have been suggested as possible mediators of embryo cell size, controlling turgor pressure during seed maturation. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the expression of K+ transporters is effectively regulated by auxin. Here, we provide evidence for the identification of two Arabidopsis K+ transporters, HAK/KT12 (At1g60160) and KUP4 (At4g23640), that are likely to be implicated in determining seed size during seed maturation and, at the same time, show a differential regulation by indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-acetamide.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Two Auxin-Regulated Potassium Transporters Involved in Seed Maturation

Tenorio-Berrío

Pérez‐Alonso

Vicente‐Carbajosa

et al. 2018

IJMS

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“…In seed development, seed morphogenesis (embryogenesis) and seed maturation are considered two major physiological processes. A high level of ABA and low level of GA have been observed during seed maturation processes in some published studies ( Hays et al, 2001 ; Yamaguchi et al, 2007 ), however, the GA and ABA levels during embryogenesis in developing seeds have been less reported. Embryo development and seed maturation are controlled by the B3 domain containing the TFs, LEAFY COTYLEDON2 and FUSCA3 (FUS3) in Arabidopsis, which antagonistically modulate ABA and GA metabolism by directly repressing the GA synthetic gene GA3ox2 and promoting ABA synthesis through light-dependent DELLA stimulation and ABI3 activity ( Curaba et al, 2004 ; Gazzarrini et al, 2004 ; Piskurewicz et al, 2009 ).…”

Section: The Antagonistic Regulation Of Ga and Aba Metabolic Genes Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antagonistic Regulation of ABA and GA in Metabolism and Signaling Pathways

2018

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The phytohormones gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are widely recognized as essential endogenous regulators that mostly play antagonistic roles in plant developmental processes and environmental responses. A variety of both internal and external cues oppositely regulate GA and ABA biosynthesis and catabolism, which directly and indirectly affect their signaling pathways and subsequent responses. Recent discoveries have revealed direct molecular links between GA- and ABA-signaling components, which provide novel insights into their antagonistic regulation. In this review, we mainly focus on these recent reports and the growing understanding of GA and ABA antagonism in metabolic regulation and signaling interactions, and attempt to clarify the problems and challenges involved in exploring the complicated regulatory events associated with these two phytohormones.

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“…GA biosynthesis is negatively regulated during seed development in order to prevent precocious germination and to allow seed dormancy induction [50]. Accordingly, transcripts of GA 20-oxidase and GA 3-oxidase involved in GA biosynthesis were not detected in the microarray analysis of dry Arabidopsis seeds, although their levels increased after seed imbibition [51], suggesting that mRNAs required for GA biosynthesis are not sufficiently abundant in mature dry seeds to stimulate germination.…”

Section: Induction Of Dormancy and Mrna Accumulation During Seed Matumentioning

confidence: 99%

Lost in Translation: Physiological Roles of Stored mRNAs in Seed Germination

Sano

Rajjou

North

2020

Plants

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Seeds characteristics such as germination ability, dormancy, and storability/longevity are important traits in agriculture, and various genes have been identified that are involved in its regulation at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. A particularity of mature dry seeds is a special mechanism that allows them to accumulate more than 10,000 mRNAs during seed maturation and use them as templates to synthesize proteins during germination. Some of these stored mRNAs are also referred to as long-lived mRNAs because they remain translatable even after seeds have been exposed to long-term stressful conditions. Mature seeds can germinate even in the presence of transcriptional inhibitors, and this ability is acquired in mid-seed development. The type of mRNA that accumulates in seeds is affected by the plant hormone abscisic acid and environmental factors, and most of them accumulate in seeds in the form of monosomes. Release of seed dormancy during after-ripening involves the selective oxidation of stored mRNAs and this prevents translation of proteins that function in the suppression of germination after imbibition. Non-selective oxidation and degradation of stored mRNAs occurs during long-term storage of seeds so that the quality of stored RNAs is linked to the degree of seed deterioration. After seed imbibition, a population of stored mRNAs are selectively loaded into polysomes and the mRNAs, involved in processes such as redox, glycolysis, and protein synthesis, are actively translated for germination.

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Regulation ofABAandGALevels during Seed Development and Germination inArabidopsis

Abstract: The sections in this article areIntroductionBiosynthetic and Deactivation Pathways ofABAandGAInhibitors ofABAandGAMetabolism: Efficacy and Side Effects of DrugsRegulation ofABAandGALevels inArabidopsis SeedsConclusions and Perspectives

Cited by 22 publications

References 100 publications

Identification of Two Auxin-Regulated Potassium Transporters Involved in Seed Maturation

Identification of Two Auxin-Regulated Potassium Transporters Involved in Seed Maturation

Antagonistic Regulation of ABA and GA in Metabolism and Signaling Pathways

Lost in Translation: Physiological Roles of Stored mRNAs in Seed Germination

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