Regulation of Pancreatic Secretion

Abstract

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Physiologically Based Modeling of Food Digestion and Intestinal Microbiota: State of the Art and Future Challenges. An INFOGEST Review

“…Gastric acid secretion is also partly controlled by ghrelin, the hunger hormone, of which the blood levels increase due to the cephalic expectation of food (Arosio et al 2004). Food material entering the small intestine is then detected by specific receptors that stimulate the secretion of pancreatic fluid and bile (Chandra & Liddle 2015, Chey & Chang 2001. These secretions are also mediated to a large extent by CCK (Chey & Chang 2001, Liddle et al 1985, Thimister et al 1996, which is released by endocrine I-cells in the gut wall; neurons of the enteric nervous system and brain ( Johnson 2014) in response to digestible proteins, peptides, and certain amino acids (Buffa et al 1976, Johnson 2014; and fatty acids (Sidhu et al 2000).…”

TRPV4 channel opening mediates pressure-induced pancreatitis initiated by Piezo1 activation

“…Intracellular Ca 2+ concentrations are tightly regulated in pancreatic acinar cells and provide the major signal for digestive enzyme secretion (18,19). Cholecystokinin (CCK), acetylcholine, and bombesin are pancreatic secretagogues that raise cytosolic calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) and thus stimulate secretion (20)(21)(22). Binding of these agonists to their respective G protein-coupled receptors triggers the release of Ca 2+ from the ER through increased activity of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C that cleaves phosphatidylinositol, 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP 2 ) to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP 3 ) and diacylglycerol (23).…”

Secretion of the Human Exocrine Pancreas in Health and Disease

“…These conduits are lined with ductal epithelial cells, which facilitate transport of enzymes in a bicarbonate-rich fluid. Secretion from acinar and ductal cells is highly regulated, primarily in response to nutrient ingestion and neural stimulation (8). Diseases that interfere with either the function of the ductal cells or the continuity of the ductal network will lead to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, as discussed below.…”

“…Pancreatic secretion within the digestive period is much greater than the interdigestive period. This secretion is highly regulated by neurohormonal responses and occurs in three primary phasescephalic, gastric, and intestinal (8,33). The initial cephalic phase is primarily controlled by the vagal nerve and results in levels of enzyme secretion that account for 20-25% of the total elicited by a meal (8).…”