Regulation of Neural Differentiation of ADMSCs using Graphene‐Mediated Wireless‐Localized Electrical Signals Driven by Electromagnetic Induction

Abstract

Although adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) isolated from patients’ fat are considered as the most important autologous stem cells for tissue repair, significant difficulties in the neural differentiation of ADMSCs still impede stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, a wireless‐electrical stimulation method is proposed to direct the neural differentiation of ADMSCs based on the electromagnetic effect using a graphene film as a conductive scaffold. By placing a rotating magnet on the top of a culture system without any inducer, the ADMSCs cultured on graphene differentiate into functional neurons within 15 days. As a conductive biodegradable nanomaterial, graphene film acts as a wireless electrical signal generator driven by the electromagnetic induction, and millivolt‐level voltage generated in situ provokes ADMSCs to differentiate into neurons, proved by morphological variation, extremely high levels of neuron‐specific genes, and proteins. Most importantly, Ca2+ intracellular influx is observed in these ADMSC‐derived neurons once exposure to neurotransmitters, indicating that these cells are functional neurons. This research enhances stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases using autologous ADMSCs and overcomes the lack of neural stem cells. This nanostructure‐mediated physical‐signal simulation method is inexpensive, safe, and localized, and has a significant impact on neural regeneration.

Applications of MXenes in human-like sensors and actuators

“…Besides, the active composite layer consists of conductive polymers [244] and additive materials such as MXene [245,246], graphene [247][248][249][250], and other low-dimensional carbon nanostructures [251][252][253]. One can investigate the potential of biodegradation in additives and dielectrics [254,255].…”

Graphene Family Nanomaterials for Stem Cell Neurogenic Differentiation and Peripheral Nerve Regeneration

“…Additionally, Pampaloni et al 120 found that adding chemical agents and factors, which were generally considered as necessary conditions for the neural differentiation of specific stem cells. Guo et al 123 observed the neural differentiation of hADMSCs on graphene films under a rotating magnet, due to the conductive substrate created by graphene.…”

Investigating the anti-streptococcal biofilm effect of ssDNA aptamer-silver nanoparticles complex on a titanium-based substrate

“… 10 The application of nanotechnology and nanosystems in healthcare and biomedical devices improves the quality of this field. 11 Biofilm formation and its growth on implants cause inefficiency of their proper actions and lead to diseases that can be fatal. 12 Medical grade titanium and its alloys are used to make implants such as heart valves.…”