Regulation of morphology evolution and Mn dissolution for ultra-long cycled spinel LiMn2O4 cathode materials by B-doping

Enhanced LiMn2O4 cathode performance in lithium-ion batteries through synergistic cation and anion substitution

“…This capacity fading is attributed to two main factors: Mn dissolution and Jahn–Teller distortion. 2 In certain transition metal (TM) scenarios, the occupancy of electron-filled orbitals can influence the local structure, prompting geometric distortions around the TM ion. An illustrative example of a J–T ion is Mn 3+ , as depicted in Fig.…”