Regulation of human stearoyl-CoA desaturase by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids: Implications for the dietary management of elevated serum triglycerides

Velliquette, Rodney A.; Gillies, Peter J.; Kris‐Etherton, Penny M.; Green, John W.; Zhao, Guixiang; Heuvel, John P. Vanden

doi:10.1016/j.jacl.2009.06.002

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…From the present work it would appear that fish intake might not affect the amount of enzyme protein in PBMC, since there was no alteration in mRNA levels of SCD1 in response to fish intake. Even so, this observation does not rule out the possibility that fish/n-3 fatty acids intake affect the hepatic SCD1 mRNA levels, which have been reported by others [25,[41][42][43][44][45]. Human PBMC display the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism [30-35, 46, 47] and recently we showed that n-3 fatty acids regulate lipid gene expression in ex vivo PBMC [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Daily Intake of Cod or Salmon for 2 Weeks Decreases the 18:1n‐9/18:0 Ratio and Serum Triacylglycerols in Healthy Subjects

Telle-Hansen

Larsen

Høstmark

et al. 2011

Lipids

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Intake of fish and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids is associated with a reduced concentration of plasma triacylglycerols (TAG) but the mechanisms are not fully clarified. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) activity, governing TAG synthesis, is affected by n-3 fatty acids. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) display expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism. The aim of the present study was to estimate whether intake of lean and fatty fish would influence n-3 fatty acids composition in plasma phospholipids (PL), serum TAG, 18:1n-9/18:0 ratio in plasma PL, as well as PBMC gene expression of SCD1 and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Healthy males and females (n = 30), aged 20-40, consumed either 150 g of cod, salmon, or potato (control) daily for 15 days. During intervention docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) increased in the cod group (P < 0.05), while TAG concentration decreased (P < 0.05). In the salmon group both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and DHA increased (P < 0.05) whereas TAG concentration and the 18:1n-9/18:0 ratio decreased (P < 0.05). Reduction of the 18:1n-9/18:0 ratio was associated with a corresponding lowering of TAG (P < 0.05) and an increase in EPA and DHA (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of SCD1 and FAS in PBMC were not significantly altered after intake of cod or salmon when compared with the control group. In conclusion, both lean and fatty fish may lower TAG, possibly by reducing the 18:1n-9/18:0 ratio related to allosteric inhibition of SCD1 activity, rather than by influencing the synthesis of enzyme protein.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Daily Intake of Cod or Salmon for 2 Weeks Decreases the 18:1n‐9/18:0 Ratio and Serum Triacylglycerols in Healthy Subjects

Telle-Hansen

Larsen

Høstmark

et al. 2011

Lipids

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“…This discrepancy might be explained by the fact that PUFA contents of the experimental rations used by Archibeque et al (2005) were not constant thereby interfering with proper interpretation of the data. Indeed, PUFA are known to have a down-regulating effect on the activity of SCD (Sessler et al, 1996;Ntambi, 1999;Velliquette et al, 2009). In beef cattle, it was specifically shown that the SCD activity in muscle and adipose tissue was lower on a diet rich in n-3 PUFA compared with n-6 PUFA (Herdmann et al, 2010;Hiller et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, PUFA have a down-regulating effect on the activity of SCD (Ntambi, 1999). Both n-3 and n-6 PUFA may depress SCD activity as shown in vitro in hepatocytes (Velliquette et al, 2009) and adipocytes (Sessler et al, 1996). In beef cattle, SCD gene expression in muscle and SCD protein expression and enzyme activity in muscle and adipose tissue was significantly lower on a diet rich in n-3 PUFA compared with n-6 PUFA (Herdmann et al, 2010;Hiller et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of whole cottonseed v. sunflower seed on the fatty acid profile of subcutaneous fat, longissimus dorsi and blood of Thai Native and Holstein bulls

Polviset

Schonewille

Everts

et al. 2015

Animal

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In a 2 × 2 factorial design, 12 Thai Native and 12 Holstein bulls were fed ad libitum a total mixed ration (20 : 80; roughage : concentrate) with whole cottonseed (WCS) or sunflower seed (SFS) as oilseed sources. The rations contained 7% crude fat and were fed for 90 days. Plasma was taken at three times during the experiment, and at slaughter the longissimus dorsi and subcutaneous fat were sampled for fatty acid analysis. Ration did not affect rumen fermentation parameters. The plasma fatty acid profile was not affected by ration. In subcutaneous fat, a ration × breed interaction for the saturated fatty acid (SFA) and c9t11 CLA proportions was observed, resulting from larger differences between the rations in Thai Native compared with Holstein bulls. The WCS ration resulted in higher proportions of SFA and lower proportions of monounsaturated fatty acids and c9,t11 CLA compared with the SFS ration ( P < 0.01). In the intramuscular fat, the WCS ration was also associated with a lower c9t11 CLA proportion ( P < 0.01) and higher SFA proportion ( P < 0.05). The intramuscular proportion of polyunsaturated acids was higher and the proportion of SFA was lower in Thai Native compared with Holstein bulls ( P < 0.05), irrespective of ration.

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“…Schizophrenic patients treated with the SGA olanzapine exhibit greater SCD1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood cells compared with drug-free patients [48]. In contrast to SGA medications, LC n -3 fatty acids down-regulate SCD1 mRNA expression at the level of transcription and mRNA stability [49], and dietary LC n -3 fatty acid supplementation decreases SCD1 activity in rat liver microsomes ex vivo [50] and SCD1 activity indices in human subjects [51,52]. We recently reported that dietary-induced n -3 fatty acid deficiency robustly up-regulated SCD1 mRNA expression and activity in rat liver, and that this effect was positively correlated with postprandial plasma TAG levels and prevented by prior normalization of n -3 fatty acid status [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency augments risperidone-induced hepatic steatosis in rats: Positive association with stearoyl-CoA desaturase

McNamara¹,

Magrisso²,

Hofacer³

et al. 2012

Pharmacological Research

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Regulation of human stearoyl-CoA desaturase by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids: Implications for the dietary management of elevated serum triglycerides

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

Daily Intake of Cod or Salmon for 2 Weeks Decreases the 18:1n‐9/18:0 Ratio and Serum Triacylglycerols in Healthy Subjects

Daily Intake of Cod or Salmon for 2 Weeks Decreases the 18:1n‐9/18:0 Ratio and Serum Triacylglycerols in Healthy Subjects

Effect of whole cottonseed v. sunflower seed on the fatty acid profile of subcutaneous fat, longissimus dorsi and blood of Thai Native and Holstein bulls

Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency augments risperidone-induced hepatic steatosis in rats: Positive association with stearoyl-CoA desaturase

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