Regulation of genes encoding ethylene biosynthetic enzymes in peach (Prunus persica L.) fruit by carbon dioxide and 1-methylcyclopropene

Mathooko, Francis M.; Tsunashima, Yuki; Owino, Willis; Kubo, Yasutaka; Inaba, Akitsugu

doi:10.1016/s0925-5214(00)00158-7

Cited by 116 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Levin et al (1993) reported that CO 2 concentration up to 10% stimulated in vivo activity of ACC-oxidase but, CO 2 at 20% concentration had an inhibitory effect. Using a continuous flow through gas system, it has been demonstrated that 20% CO 2 markedly decreases ethylene biosynthesis in ripening peaches by delaying and suppressing ACC-synthase at transcriptional level however, recovery occurs upon withdrawal of CO 2 (Mathooko et al 2001). At low concentrations (of about 1%), CO 2 may promote ethylene production in climacteric fruits (Bufler 1986;Chavez-Franco and Kader 1993).…”

Section: High Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of internal atmosphere on fruit ripening and storability—a review

2011

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Concentrations of different gases and volatiles present or produced inside a fruit are determined by the permeability of the fruit tissue to these compounds. Primarily, surface morphology and anatomical features of a given fruit determine the degree of permeance across the fruit. Species and varietal variability in surface characteristics and anatomical features therefore influence not only the diffusibility of gases and volatiles across the fruits but also the activity and response of various metabolic and physiological reactions/processes regulated by these compounds. Besides the well-known role of ethylene, gases and volatiles; O 2 , CO 2 , ethanol, acetaldehyde, water vapours, methyl salicylate, methyl jasmonate and nitric oxide (NO) have the potential to regulate the process of ripening individually and also in various interactive ways. Differences in the prevailing internal atmosphere of the fruits may therefore be considered as one of the causes behind the existing varietal variability of fruits in terms of rate of ripening, qualitative changes, firmness, shelf-life, ideal storage requirement, extent of tolerance towards reduced O 2 and/or elevated CO 2 , transpirational loss and susceptibility to various physiological disorders. In this way, internal atmosphere of a fruit (in terms of different gases and volatiles) plays a critical regulatory role in the process of fruit ripening. So, better and holistic understanding of this internal atmosphere along with its exact regulatory role on various aspects of fruit ripening will facilitate the development of more meaningful, refined and effective approaches in postharvest management of fruits. Its applicability, specially for the climacteric fruits, at various stages of the supply chain from growers to consumers would assist in reducing postharvest losses not only in quantity but also in quality.

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Section: High Carbon Dioxidementioning

confidence: 99%

Role of internal atmosphere on fruit ripening and storability—a review

2011

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“…It has also been demonstrated that both ACC synthase and ACC oxidase are encoded by multigene families, members of which are differentially expressed during specific developmental stages and in response to various environmental stresses known to induce ethylene (Kende, 1993;Zarembinski and Theologis, 1994;Fluhr and Mattoo, 1996). Some of the ACC synthase (Lincoln et al, 1993;Peck and Kende, 1998;Mathooko et al, 2001) and ACC oxidase (Barry et al, 1996;Bouquin et al, 1997) genes can be induced by more than one stimuli. Moreover, it is well known that expression of these genes is often subjected to either positive or negative regulation (Kende, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ethylene Biosynthesis in Detached Young Persimmon Fruit Is Initiated in Calyx and Modulated by Water Loss from the Fruit

et al. 2003

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Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit are usually classified as climacteric fruit; however, unlike typical climacteric fruits, persimmon fruit exhibit a unique characteristic in that the younger the stage of fruit detached, the greater the level of ethylene produced. To investigate ethylene induction mechanisms in detached young persimmon fruit, we cloned three cDNAs encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (DK-ACS1, 2, and -3) and two encoding ACC oxidase (DK-ACO1 and -2) genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, and we analyzed their expression in various fruit tissues. Ethylene production was induced within a few days of detachment in all fruit tissues tested, accompanied by temporally and spatially coordinated expression of all the DK-ACS and DK-ACO genes. In all tissues except the calyx, treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene, an inhibitor of ethylene action, suppressed ethylene production and ethylene biosynthesis-related gene expression. In the calyx, one ACC synthase gene (DK-ACS2) exhibited increased mRNA accumulation accompanied by a large quantity of ethylene production, and treatment of the fruit with 1-methylcyclopropene did not prevent either the accumulation of DK-ACS2 transcripts or ethylene induction. Furthermore, the alleviation of water loss from the fruit significantly delayed the onset of ethylene production and the expression of DK-ACS2 in the calyx. These results indicate that ethylene biosynthesis in detached young persimmon fruit is initially induced in calyx and is modulated by water loss through transcriptional activation of DK-ACS2. The ethylene produced in the calyx subsequently diffuses to other fruit tissues and acts as a secondary signal that stimulates autocatalytic ethylene biosynthesis in these tissues, leading to a burst of ethylene production.The gaseous plant hormone ethylene plays an important role in the regulation of fruit ripening and senescence (Lelièvre et al., 1997a; Jiang and Fu, 2000). Fruits have been classified as climacteric and nonclimacteric based on their patterns of respiration and ethylene production during maturation and ripening (Biale and Young, 1981). Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) fruit are classified as climacteric because they produce a small but significant amount of ethylene during ripening and are induced to ripen with autocatalytic ethylene production by exogenously applied ethylene (Abeles et al., 1992;Wills et al., 1998; Kubo et al., 2003). However, unlike other climacteric fruit species, ethylene production in persimmon is substantially greater in fruit harvested at younger stages (Takata, 1983) and is induced only when fruit are detached from the parent tree (Nakano, 2002). For example in persimmon cv Hiratanenashi, detached young fruit produce more than 10 nL g Ϫ1 h Ϫ1 of ethylene within a few days after detachment accompanied with rapid softening and calyx abscission. Whereas fruit harvested at the mature stage do not always produce ethylene soon after harvest. They produce as little as 0.5 nL g Ϫ1 h Ϫ1 of ethylene whe...

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“…Para que o processo de conservação dos produtos vegetais seja eficiente, é importante se determinarem as pressões parciais de O 2 e CO 2 mais adequadas, pois estas afetam a respiração (MATHOOKO, 1996) e a síntese de etileno dos frutos (MATHOOKO, 2001). A elevação dos níveis de CO 2 (5-20%) promove uma inibição da produção de etileno, devido à inibição da atividade da ACC sintase e da ACC oxidase (MATHOOKO, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A elevação dos níveis de CO 2 (5-20%) promove uma inibição da produção de etileno, devido à inibição da atividade da ACC sintase e da ACC oxidase (MATHOOKO, 2001). Os níveis de O 2 inferiores a 8% reduzem significativamente a biossíntese do etileno (KADER, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified