Regulation of gastric emptying in humans by cholecystokinin.

Liddle, Rodger A.; Morita, Eugene; Conrad, C K; Williams, John A.

doi:10.1172/jci112401

Cited by 256 publications

(131 citation statements)

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“…Both CCK and GLP-1 exert inhibitory effects on gastric emptying rates and these effects may at least in part be responsible for their satietyproducing properties (18,23). The interaction of CCK and GLP-1 on gastric emptying has not been investigated so far; it is therefore unknown whether combined infusion of CCK plus GLP-1 exerts additive effects on gastric emptying or whether the effect of the combined infusion is similar to the effect induced by a single infusion of one of the two peptides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between GLP-1 and CCK-33 in inhibiting food intake and appetite in men

Gutzwiller

Degen

Matzinger

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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. Interaction between GLP-1 and CCK-33 in inhibiting food intake and appetite in men. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287: R562-R567, 2004. First published April 22, 2004 10.1152/ajpregu.00599.2003.-Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and CCK-33 were intravenously infused alone or in combination into normal weight men for 60 min before they were served a lunch of ham sandwiches, chocolate mousse, and orange juice. Infusion of GLP-1 (dose: 0.9 pmol ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ min Ϫ1 ) or CCK-33 (dose: 0.2 pmol ⅐ kg Ϫ1 ⅐ min Ϫ1 ) each reduced calorie intake of the test meal. However, simultaneous infusion of these peptide doses reduced calorie intake less than the sum of the peptides' individual effects. Infusions of the same doses of GLP-1 plus CCK-33 had neither individual nor interactive effects on meal size or calorie consumption. The combination of GLP-1 plus CCK-33 induced, however, a significant reduction in hunger feelings in the premeal period (P ϭ 0.036 vs. all other treatments). In summary, intravenous infusion of near physiological doses of CCK-33 and GLP-1 produced specific inhibitions of hunger feeling in men; the simultaneous infusion resulted in an infra-additive reduction in calorie consumption, rejecting thereby the hypothesis that the two peptides exert a positive synergistic effect on food intake compared with the effects observed with infusion of individual peptides. In conclusion, CCK and GLP-1 are meal-related satiety signals that are released from the gastrointestinal tract during food intake. glucagon-like peptide; cholecystokininA SERIES OF REMARKABLE DISCOVERIES and the emergence of obesity as major health problem have stimulated research efforts into how the body controls appetite and food intake. The close relationship between the gastrointestinal endocrine system and the brain in regulating food intake and satiety requires a coordinated interplay in which circulating hormones convey information about food intake and appetite to brain pathways that control eating. However, little is known about which physiological signals interact to control human eating. To further explore the role of specific digestive signals, we investigated the potential interaction of two preabsorptive satiety signals, CCK and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Both peptides are two classical gastrointestinal hormones that are released into the circulation in response to meal consumption (14, 17); compelling evidence has accumulated in the past years to document that each participates in the control of appetite in healthy volunteers, but also in patients with obesity or diabetes type II (3,8,11,15,[25][26][27]. As mentioned before, the control of human eating habits is, however, highly complex and our understanding of appetite regulation is far from complete. In many areas our knowledge is only rudimentary. More important, the interactions between individual signals and their integration into the control system have hardly been explored.From studies in animals and humans it is known that individual satiety signals can interact:...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between GLP-1 and CCK-33 in inhibiting food intake and appetite in men

Gutzwiller

Degen

Matzinger

et al. 2004

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…In healthy man, ICS 205-930 has been reported to accelerate gastric emptying of a solid meal (Akkermans etal., 1988;McCallum et al, 1989), to accelerate (Meleagros et al, 1987) or not to influence (McCallum et al, 1989) mouth-to-caecum transit of ingesta, and to increase the motor activity of the left colon in the fasting as well as in the postprandial state and after stimulation with neostigmine (Stacher et al, 1989 Lilja et al, 1982;Maton et al, 1982) or intraduodenal instillation (Lamers et al, 1979;Lilja et al, 1982) of fat. Such a mechanism is also suggested by the fact that gastric emptying is delayed at plasma levels of exogenous cholecystokinin which equate with those prevailing after the ingestion of a mixed meal (Liddle et al, 1985). Thus, the fat-delayed gastric emptying seemed a suitable model for studying the effects of an agent which potentially accelerates gastric emptying.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Since drugs known to accelerate markedly gastric emptying in a variety of disorders associated with impaired emptying may only marginally accelerate the physiological gastric emptying, the effects of ICS 205-930 were evaluated after the ingestion of fat, i.e., a state in which gastric emptying is physiologically slowed (Valenzuela & Defilippi, 1981). This slowing occurs most likely via a release of cholecystokinin from the duodenal mucosa, which follows the ingestion (Liddle et al, 1985;Lilja et al, 1982;Maton et al, 1982) or intraduodenal instillation (Lamers et al, 1979;Lilja et al, 1982) of fat. Such a mechanism is also suggested by the fact that gastric emptying is delayed at plasma levels of exogenous cholecystokinin which equate with those prevailing after the ingestion of a mixed meal (Liddle et al, 1985).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This slowing occurs most likely via a release of cholecystokinin from the duodenal mucosa, which follows the ingestion (Liddle et al, 1985;Lilja et al, 1982;Maton et al, 1982) or intraduodenal instillation (Lamers et al, 1979;Lilja et al, 1982) of fat. Such a mechanism is also suggested by the fact that gastric emptying is delayed at plasma levels of exogenous cholecystokinin which equate with those prevailing after the ingestion of a mixed meal (Liddle et al, 1985). Thus, the fat-delayed gastric emptying seemed a suitable model for studying the effects of an agent which potentially accelerates gastric emptying.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of the 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist ICS 205‐930 on fat‐delayed gastric emptying and antral motor activity.

Stacher

Bergmann

Schneider

et al. 1990

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. The selective 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist, ICS 205‐930 (Sandoz), has been reported to have potent effects on gastric smooth muscle in vivo and to enhance gastric emptying in animals and in man. 2. This study investigated the effects of ICS 205‐930 on fat‐delayed gastric emptying of a semisolid meal and antral motor activity in humans. 3. Twelve healthy men participated in each of three studies in which 10 or 20 mg of ICS 205‐930 or placebo were infused i.v. in a random double‐blind fashion. Gastric emptying and antral motor activity were studied scintigraphically. 4. Gastric emptying was not altered after 10 mg but slower after 20 mg of ICS 205‐930 than after placebo. Emptying after 20 mg of ICS 205‐930 was significantly slower than after 10 mg of ICS 205‐ 930. 5. Antral contraction amplitude was slightly lower after 20 mg of ICS 205‐930 than after placebo, whereas the effects of 10 mg ICS 205‐ 930 did not differ from those of placebo. 6. The results suggest that the investigated doses of ICS 205‐930 have only slight effects on gastric motor activity of healthy young men, with 20 mg reducing the rate of emptying.

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“…lation of gastric emptying including the vagal nerve and various gastrointestinal hormones such as cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin (21). CCK has been known to be a physiological inhibitor of gastric emptying via CCK-1(A) receptors (R)s in rodents as well as in human (17,19). Although an intragastric administration of ethanol increased the plasma CCK concentration in rats (18), there are reports (5,20) that the ingestion of alcohol (4% and 21.5%) did…”

Section: Participants and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>The menstrual cycle influences the gastric emptying of </b><b>alcohol </b>

et al. 2015

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We previously reported that ingestion of 60 mL of red wine or vodka prior to the ingestion of a pancake significantly inhibited the gastric emptying of the pancake in male subjects, but not in female subjects, and that the retention times of wine and vodka were significantly longer than those of the congener of red wine and mineral water in male subjects, whereas in female subjects the retention times of these four drinks did not differ significantly from one another. We hypothesized that the menstrual cycle may influence the gastric emptying of alcohol beverages. Here, we determined and compared the retention times of vodka and water in the stomach during the luteal phase and the follicular phase. Ten female healthy volunteers were studied. They recorded their basal body temperatures every day, and participated in the following experiments: each volunteer drank mineral water or vodka containing 14% alcohol (60 mL) during the low-temperature (follicular) phase as well as during the high-temperature (luteal) phase. The retention time of vodka was significantly longer than that of mineral water during the follicular phase, but no significant differences between the retention times of the two drinks were observed during the luteal phase. In conclusion, the menstrual cycle influences the gastric emptying rate of alcohol.Several studies (8,9,13,15) showed that alcohol consumption delayed the gastric emptying of meals in healthy male subjects, but these studies did not examine female subjects. We (1) observed that the ingestion of 60 mL of red wine or vodka prior to a pancake meal, significantly inhibited the gastric emptying of the pancake in male subjects, but not in female subjects. We later determined the retention times of vodka, red wine, the congener (a non-alcoholic component) of red wine, and mineral water (all 60 mL) in the stomach, and we (24) found that the retention times of wine and vodka were significantly longer than those of the congener and mineral water in the male subjects, but the retention time of these four beverages did not differ significantly from one another in the female subjects. Regarding the reason(s) why the alcohol beverages did not have elongated retention times in the stomachs of female subjects as they did in males, we hypothesized that the menstrual cycle may influence the gastric emptying rate of alcohol beverages. Although several studies (4,6,12,14) have assessed the effect of the menstrual cycle on gastric emptying, the results are conflicting; moreover, the effects of alcohol beverages on gastric emptying were not examined in those studies. In the present study, we determined and compared the retention times of vodka and water in the stomach during the luteal phase and the follicular phase. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis human study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tokyo Kasei University. All participants provided their written informed consent.

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Regulation of gastric emptying in humans by cholecystokinin.

Cited by 256 publications

References 26 publications

Interaction between GLP-1 and CCK-33 in inhibiting food intake and appetite in men

Interaction between GLP-1 and CCK-33 in inhibiting food intake and appetite in men

Effects of the 5‐HT3 receptor antagonist ICS 205‐930 on fat‐delayed gastric emptying and antral motor activity.

<b>The menstrual cycle influences the gastric emptying of </b><b>alcohol </b>

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