2023
DOI: 10.1111/febs.16745
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Regulation of alanine racemase activity by carboxylates and the d‐type substrate d‐alanine

Abstract: Alanine racemases (ALRs) are essential for D-alanine (D-Ala) production in bacteria, and many ALRs have a conserved carbamylated lysine residue in the active site. Although short-chain carboxylates inhibit ALRs harbouring this lysine residue as substrate analogues, in an ALR variant with an alanine residue at this position, carboxylates behave as activators; however, this activation mechanism remains unclear. Here, we performed kinetic and structural analyses of U1ALR, an ALR from Latilactobacillus sakei UONUM… Show more

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“…In particular, fermented foods are known to contain high amounts of d -amino acids, which are produced during microbial fermentation [ 22 ]. Furthermore, some lactic acid bacteria synthesize d -alanine and encode alanine racemase, which catalyzes the conversion of l -alanine to d -alanine [ 23 , 24 ]. Although we did not evaluate the d -alanine levels in stool, the protocol of the current study restricted the intake of fermented foods and the use of antimicrobial agents and lactic acid preparations during the follow-up period to minimize their influences.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In particular, fermented foods are known to contain high amounts of d -amino acids, which are produced during microbial fermentation [ 22 ]. Furthermore, some lactic acid bacteria synthesize d -alanine and encode alanine racemase, which catalyzes the conversion of l -alanine to d -alanine [ 23 , 24 ]. Although we did not evaluate the d -alanine levels in stool, the protocol of the current study restricted the intake of fermented foods and the use of antimicrobial agents and lactic acid preparations during the follow-up period to minimize their influences.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%