Regular Practice of Moderate Physical Activity by Older Adults Ameliorates Their Anti-Inflammatory Status

Ferrer, Miguel D.; Capó, Xavier; Martorell, Miquel; Busquets-Cortés, Carla; Bouzas, Cristina; Carreres, Sandra; Matéos, David; Sureda, Antoni; Tur, Josep A.; Pons, Antoni

doi:10.3390/nu10111780

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…According to the study by Ferrer et al [71] with 116 elderly volunteers, through physical activity there is a decrease in the current levels of IL-6, as well as an increase in the expression of IL-10 in active individuals [71]. A low presence of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines is observed in contrast to the increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Physical Exercise and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature

et al. 2020

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Acute viral respiratory infections are the main infectious disease in the world. In 2020, a new disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), became a global pandemic. The immune response to the virus depends on factors such as genetics, age and physical state, and its main input receptor is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. The practice of physical exercises acts as a modulator of the immune system. During and after physical exercise, pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines are released, lymphocyte circulation increases, as well as cell recruitment. Such practice has an effect on the lower incidence, intensity of symptoms and mortality in viral infections observed in people who practice physical activity regularly, and its correct execution must be considered to avoid damage. The initial response is given mainly by type I interferons (IFN-I), which drive the action macrophages and lymphocytes, followed by lymphocyte action. A suppression of the IFN-I response has been noted in COVID-19. Severe conditions have been associated with storms of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lymphopenia, as well as circulatory changes and virus dispersion to other organs. The practice of physical activities strengthens the immune system, suggesting a benefit in the response to viral communicable diseases. Thus, regular practice of adequate intensity is suggested as an auxiliary tool in strengthening and preparing the immune system for COVID-19. Further studies are needed to associate physical exercise with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Section: Physical Exercise and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature

et al. 2020

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“…Skeletal muscle is a major immunoregulatory organ and produces a range of soluble factors, which have anti-inflammatory and immunoprotective effects [41]. Indeed, regular exercise improves physical capacity and muscle mass and function and reduces cardiometabolic risk factors and systemic inflammation in older adults [42]. Physically active older adults have lower concentrations of circulating proinflammatory biomarkers, and higher concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines, compared to physically inactive individuals, and this is partly due to muscle physiology [42].…”

Section: Immunosenescence As a Modifiable Risk Factor For Covid-19?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, regular exercise improves physical capacity and muscle mass and function and reduces cardiometabolic risk factors and systemic inflammation in older adults [42]. Physically active older adults have lower concentrations of circulating proinflammatory biomarkers, and higher concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines, compared to physically inactive individuals, and this is partly due to muscle physiology [42]. Indeed, muscle contraction triggers an anti-inflammatory response by releasing so-called "myokines" -muscle-secreted factors that influence almost all aspects of physiology and metabolism [43].…”

Section: Immunosenescence As a Modifiable Risk Factor For Covid-19?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological Implications of Physical Inactivity among Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2020

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Social distancing has been adopted worldwide to control severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Social isolation is likely to lead to a decline in physical activity, which could result in immune system dysfunction, thereby increasing infection susceptibility and exacerbating the pathophysiology of conditions that are common among older adults, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and inflammatory disorders. Older adults and people living with these comorbidities are at a greater risk for complications during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, we discuss the negative impact of physical inactivity on immune function and showcase evidence that regular physical activity may be an effective strategy to counter some of the deleterious effects of social isolation. Furthermore, we briefly highlight key research questions in exercise immunology, with a focus on older adults in the context of COVID-19. Although it is worth emphasizing that there is no direct evidence that physical activity can prevent or treat COVID-19, promoting an active lifestyle is a key intervention to counteract the effects of social isolation, especially in older adults and other at-risk individuals, such as those living with chronic diseases associated with ageing and lifestyle.

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“…In an attempt to minimize the imbalance of both inflammation and oxidative stress associated with aging, some nonpharmacological interventions, such as nutritional care and regular practice of physical exercises, are well accepted and largely recommended. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that the moderate exercise training has beneficial effects on the systemic inflammatory response in elderly individuals, not only by reducing proinflammatory cytokines, as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 [9] but also by increasing the circulating levels of IL-10, a classic anti-inflammatory cytokine [10,11]. Noteworthy, the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) states that training programs must contain combined exercises (endurance and resistance) for maximum benefits in human health, by optimizing cardiovascular, respiratory, immune, and muscle functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Glutamine Supplementation Improves the Benefits of Combined-Exercise Training on Oral Redox Balance and Inflammatory Status in Elderly Individuals

Almeida

Santos

Paixão

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Although regular combined aerobic-resistance exercises can ameliorate the inflammatory status and redox balance in elderly population, it is unclear whether protein or specific amino acid supplementation could improve such benefits. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the inflammatory status and redox indexes through of the saliva of 34 elderly subject nonpractitioners (NP group, 73.3±6.6 years) and 49 elderly subject practitioners of a combined-exercise training in moderate intensity (CET group, 71.9±5.8 years) before (pre) and after (post) 30 days of supplementation with L-glutamine (Gln) or placebo (PL). Our results showed that, both in pre- and postsupplementation, the salivary levels of nitric oxide (NO⋅) and TNF-α were lower, whereas the levels of uric acid and IL-10 (as well as IL-10/TNF-α ratio) were higher in the CET groups than in the NP groups. In postsupplementation, both groups supplemented with Gln (NP-Gln and CET-Gln) showed higher salivary uric acid levels compared to baseline. In addition, lower NO⋅ levels were found in the CET-Gln group postsupplementation than presupplementation values. Whereas the CET-Gln group showed lower GSH levels postsupplementation, NP-Gln subjects showed lower GSSG levels at the same time point, both compared to baseline. Interestingly, salivary peroxidase activity was lower only in NP groups (NP-PL and NP-Gln) postsupplementation than baseline values. A positive significant correlation between salivary peroxidase activity and GSH levels, and also between salivary peroxidase activity and uric acid levels were observed in the CET-Gln group both pre- and postsupplementation. No differences were found in albumin, total antioxidant activity (TEAC), and reducing power analysis between groups, pre- or postsupplementation. In conclusion, the elderly subjects from the CET group showed a better inflammatory response and redox balance and, for the first time, it was shown that daily supplementation with Gln for 30 days can improve these benefits with putative association with a healthy aging.

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Regular Practice of Moderate Physical Activity by Older Adults Ameliorates Their Anti-Inflammatory Status

Cited by 34 publications

References 57 publications

Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature

Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature

Immunological Implications of Physical Inactivity among Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic

L-Glutamine Supplementation Improves the Benefits of Combined-Exercise Training on Oral Redox Balance and Inflammatory Status in Elderly Individuals

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