Registration of Six Ethiopian Mustard Germplasm Lines

Haro, Antonio De; Domı́nguez, J.; García‐Ruíiz, R.; Velasco, L.; Rio, M. del; Muñoz, J.; Fernández‐Martínez, José M.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1998.0011183x003800020084x

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Other plant species such as L. sativum , C. draba or A. rusticana are naturalized with a long history of cultivation by Mediterranean civilizations (Gómez‐Campo, ). Brassica juncea and B. carinata (natives to Middle East and Ethiopia, respectively) were recently introduced as new oilseed crops because they are well adapted to the Mediterranean climate, showing agronomic characteristics (high biomass, high seed yield and resistance to drought, diseases and pests) as desirable as the native or naturalized plant species (De Haro et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening brassicaceous plants as biofumigants for management of Phytophthora cinnamomi oak disease

et al. 2016

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Summary Brassicaceous plants rich in glucosinolates have been used as biofumigants for the management of soilborne pathogens. Efficacy of Brassica plant tissue has mainly been attributed to toxic isothiocyanates released upon the hydrolysis of glucosinolates. Management of Phytophthora cinnamomi, the causal agent of oak root rot in rangeland ecosystems using biofumigation, is promising, but requires further validation. The biofumigation activity of 14 brassicaceous plants was evaluated under experimental conditions. All evaluated plants rich in sinigrin suppressed (100%) the mycelial growth of P. cinnamomi, while plants rich in aromatic or other aliphatic glucosinolates had little or no suppressive effect. Simulating soil amendment in field conditions, the effects on natural soil artificially infested with P. cinnamomi chlamydospores were examined with Brassica juncea, Eruca vesicaria and Lepidium sativum, three species with different glucosinolate profiles. Only B. juncea decreased the viability of chlamydospores significantly in comparison with untreated soil only 1 day after biofumigation, whereas E. vesicaria needed 8 days to reach significance and L. sativum had no effect at all. Despite the decreases in soil inoculum, biofumigation with B. juncea did not prevent the root infections in a highly susceptible host (Lupinus luteus). However, biofumigation with plants rich in sinigrin, such as B. juncea, decreased P. cinnamomi soil inoculum under the experimental minimum threshold for oak disease expression. Although biofumigation should be considered as an effective measure to be incorporated in integrated control of the oak disease, biofumigation by itself would not be effective enough for the substantial suppression of P. cinnamomi inoculum.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening brassicaceous plants as biofumigants for management of Phytophthora cinnamomi oak disease

et al. 2016

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“…Alemayehu and Becker (2002) evaluated 36 accessions at three sites in Ethiopia in 1999 and identified accessions with potential genes of interest to improve earliness, yield components and oil and protein contents. De Haro et al (1998) evaluated 500 accessions at one site in Spain and chose 70 of these for further selection and testing at three sites from 1982 to 1993, and eventually registered six breeding lines that were adapted to a Mediterranean climate. Getinet et al (1996) evaluated 11 accessions at one site in western Canada in 1984 and 1985 and documented a broad range of variability for many agronomic and seed quality traits; none of these accessions, however, were adapted for immediate production in western Canada (Getinet et al 1996;Rakow and Getinet 1998).…”

Section: Agronomic Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is considered to have originated in Ethiopia (Go´mez-Campo and Prakash 1999), where it is used as both an oilseed and a leafy vegetable with little differentiation into various crop types (Labana and Gupta 1993). It is well adapted to areas in Ethiopia with a cool (14-18 C), moist (600-900 mm), long growing season (180 d) at elevations between 2200 and 2800 m. B. carinata has been evaluated as a potential oilseed crop in the United States (Knowles et al 1981;Cohen and Knowles 1984), Canada (Getinet et al 1996;Rakow and Getinet 1998), India (Katiyar et al 1986;Malik 1990;Raj et al 1998), Italy (Mazzoncini et al 1993) and Spain (De Haro et al 1998;Velasco et al 1999). Subudhi and Raut 1994;Katiyar and Chamola 1995;Gupta 1997;Rao and Shivanna 1997) and B. carinata Â B. napus (Gupta 1997;Meng et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation of Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) Germplasm in Western Canada

Warwick

Gugel

McDonald

et al. 2006

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Information on genetic diversity and genetic relationships among genotypes of Brassica carinata is currently limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate patterns and levels of genetic diversity in B. carinata based on amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) as compared with Brassica juncea and Brassica nigra, and to evaluate agronomic and seed quality data for plants grown in the field in western Canada. A total of 296 AFLP bands were generated from four primer pair combinations and scored for presence/ absence in 66, 20 and 7 accessions of B. carinata, B. juncea and B. nigra, respectively. B. carinata was less genetically diverse than the other two species. Differences in diversity were evident in the proportion of polymorphic loci within each species: 23, 35 and 50% for B. carinata, B. nigra and B. juncea, respectively. Pair-wise similarity measures based on the Jaccard coefficient were highest among accessions of B. carinata and showed the narrowest range: 0.911 (0.810-0.981) compared to B. nigra: 0.569 (0.438-0.660) and B. juncea: 0.715 (0.345-0.951). AFLP-based genetic distance information can be used by plant breeders to select diverse genotypes. AFLPs are also useful for fingerprinting cultivars and two primer pair combinations were sufficient to uniquely identify all the accessions of B. carinata. More variation among accessions was identified in the agronomic trial than had previously been described in studies of B. carinata in western Canada, but the data were too limited to draw conclusions regarding specific accessions. Overall, the findings were in agreement with other published work describing the favourable agronomic potential of this species.

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“…Despite its agronomic interest, major limiting factors for a wider usage of this species have been the naturally high levels of erucic acid and glucosinolates in its seed. The erucic acid (C22:1) content of the seed oil of traditional genotypes of B. carinata ranges from 35 to 45% of the total fatty acid composition (Mnzava and Olsson 1990;De Haro et al 1998;Becker et al 1999), which is undesirable in a vegetable oil for human consumption (Vles 1974). Therefore, efforts have been made to develop low erucic-acid genotypes of B. carinata using different strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgressive segregation of erucic acid content in Brassica carinata A. Braun

2003

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Two Ethiopian mustard ( Brassica carinata A. Braun) lines with low (about 10%) and zero erucic acid (C22:1) have been obtained. The low C22:1 mutant line L-2890 was isolated after a chemical-mutagen treatment of C-101 seeds (about 40% C22:1). The zero C22:1 line L-25X-1 was obtained by interspecific crossing. Our objective was to determine the genetic control of low and zero C22:1 contents in these lines and the relationship between the loci controlling these traits. Reciprocal crosses between L-2890, L-25X-1 and high C22:1 lines, and between L-2890 and L-25X-1, were made. The F(1), F(2) and BC(1) F(1) generations were obtained. No maternal or cytoplasmic effects for C22:1 content were observed in any of the crosses. The analysis of the fatty acid composition in the segregating populations from the crosses of L-2890 with the high C22:1 lines C-101 and L-1630 indicated that the segregation patterns fitted a model of two alleles at two loci, M1 and M2, with partial (near complete) dominance for high concentration. The segregation patterns in the cross of the zero C22:1 line L-25X-1 with the high C22:1 line L-1630, were explained on the basis of two genes, E1 and E2, with additive gene action. The F(1) and segregating generations of the crosses L-2890 x L-25X-1 showed a strong transgressive segregation with C22:1 values of up to 50.0%, four-fold higher than those of L-2890. The analyses of the F(2), BC(1)F(1) and F(3) generations indicated that the combination of alleles at four loci, M(1) and M(2) in L-2890 and E(1) and E(2) in L-25X-1, controlled the transgressive segregation for C22:1. The proposed genotypes (C22:1 content) for each parent were as follows: L-2890 (10% C22:1) = m(1) m(1) m(2) m(2) E(1) E(1) E(2) E(2); L-25X-1 (0% C22:1) = M(1) M(1) M(2) M(2) e(1) e(1) e(2) e(2); and C-101 (45% C22:1) = M(1) M(1) M(2) M(2) E(1) E(1) E(2) E(2).

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Registration of Six Ethiopian Mustard Germplasm Lines

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Screening brassicaceous plants as biofumigants for management of Phytophthora cinnamomi oak disease

Screening brassicaceous plants as biofumigants for management of Phytophthora cinnamomi oak disease

Genetic Variation of Ethiopian Mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) Germplasm in Western Canada

Transgressive segregation of erucic acid content in Brassica carinata A. Braun

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