Regionalisation of impervious area parameters of urban drainage models

Dayaratne, Sunil Thosainge; Perera, B. J. C

doi:10.1080/15730620801959495

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Jovanovic [76] combined several experimental studies carried out on impervious areas and noticed a clear decrease in the storage capacity with increasing ground slope. However, these common results of the good representation of the retention capacity by the surface slope were contrasted by the findings of [70] where no correlation could be obtained between these two parameters. Table 3.…”

Section: Bulk Runoff Losses On Urban Surfacementioning

confidence: 71%

“…Initial losses were estimated between 0 and 6.12 mm with an average value of 0.85 mm. Fifteen residential urban catchments were monitored for rainfall and runoff over a 4-year period [70] and then analyzed to estimate some impervious area parameters including the depression storage. A narrow range of [0-1.29] was obtained.…”

Section: Bulk Runoff Losses On Urban Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Runoff Losses on Urban Surfaces during Frequent Rainfall Events: A Review of Observations and Modeling Attempts

Rammal

Berthier

2020

Water

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Quantifying urban runoff during frequent rainfall events is a key element in quality management of urban water due to their high contribution to the annual runoff flow. This explains the growing interest among hydrologists in studying runoff flow on urban surfaces. In this paper, we review most of the experimental approaches as well as the modeling ones conducted in the literature to understand and estimate runoff flow on urban areas. This review highlights the incoherence between our current understanding of the hydrological behavior of urban areas during frequent events and our conception of the loss functions in the urban drainage models. Field studies provided more insight into the determinant processes occurring on the different surface types during frequent events with depression storage being a fundamental element varying between surface types and for the same surface type and infiltration process being relatively important on paved areas especially in their cracks that constitute preferential pathways for rainwater. Analyzing a wide range of urban drainage models showed that these elements along with the temporal evolution of the hydrological behavior of urban surfaces due to seasonal and state conditions are not fully integrated in the models’ structures, which were initially developed for heavy rainfall events. Adapting the assumptions of urban drainage models based on these new factors must improve the performance of hydrological models for frequent rainfall events.

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Section: Bulk Runoff Losses On Urban Surfacementioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Bulk Runoff Losses On Urban Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Runoff Losses on Urban Surfaces during Frequent Rainfall Events: A Review of Observations and Modeling Attempts

Rammal

Berthier

2020

Water

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“…To a smaller scale, urbanization also affects local climate (Bornstein and LeRoy, 1990;Quattrochi et al, 1998;Bornstein and Lin, 2000;Gluch et al, 2006;Carraça and Collier, 2007), because, for instance, the addition of new surface materials through the construction of buildings, roads and other infrastructure promotes energy and water exchange which affects local atmospheric conditions (Grimmond, 2007). Moreover, urban impervious areas produce faster hydrological responses than natural pervious areas, even for low rainfall intensity (Dayaratne and Perera, 2008), resulting in overland flow even for precipitation events with short return period (e.g., T R =2 years).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Resources and Environment

Scholz¹

2015

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In the second half of the 20 th century and in the beginning of this new century the world has witnessed a historic increase in urban population. This demographic reality implies a greater exposure and vulnerability of these populations to risks of natural and anthropogenic origin. Urban flooding associated with heavy rainfall fits under both these risks. One consequence of changes to the natural hydrological cycle, e.g., lower infiltration capacity by ground-sealing, combined with population growth and the concentration of economic activities, is a heightened awareness of the increased occurrence and magnitude of urban floods, not to mention the associated loss of tangible and intangible assets. A thorough understanding of the reasons underlying this reality is thus fundamental to the development of tools (e.g., plans, models and techniques) to mitigate the consequences of intense rainfall over urban areas.The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to a better understanding of the processes associated with urban flooding caused by heavy rainfall. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of the effects triggered by the simultaneous occurrence of wind and rain on overland flow in urban areas, a subject on which there are not very many studies.The research work that establishes the foundation of this thesis was mainly based on physical simulations in the laboratory. Computer simulation techniques were also used, in particular to develop a digital terrain model and obtain runoff hydrographs associated with moving rainstorms, by means of numerical approximation and analytical derivation. Simulated rainfall tests were performed on physical models of urban areas. The rainfall simulator consisted of a movable structure with nozzles which could generate wind speed fields. These laboratory tests were applied to several scenarios with different precipitation intensity conditions (e.g., stationary and moving rainfall, with and without wind). These scenarios made it possible to study how the density, height and rooftop connectivity of buildings influence overland flow. Laboratory tests were also carried out to investigate how the configuration of hillslopes influences overland flow and sediment loss, under static and moving intense rainstorms. Computer simulation was used to establish comparisons with some of the laboratory tests' observations and to perform an applied GIS-based study of the temporal evolution of urban occupation.iv From the results obtained it can be concluded that the combined action of wind, rainfall and storm movement causes significant and systematic changes on overland flow. Peak and time of base flow are particularly affected by these actions.The research carried out with physical models also showed that different characteristics of the urban structure (e.g., density of high-rise buildings), under the same rainfall conditions, led to different overland flow hydrographs and that, in natural surfaces, hillslope configuration is a key factor in overland flow and water erosion p...

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Experimental Study on the Rainfall-Runoff Responses of Typical Urban Surfaces and Two Green Infrastructures Using Scale-Based Models

Feng

Deo

et al. 2020

Environmental Management

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Regionalisation of impervious area parameters of urban drainage models

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Runoff Losses on Urban Surfaces during Frequent Rainfall Events: A Review of Observations and Modeling Attempts

Runoff Losses on Urban Surfaces during Frequent Rainfall Events: A Review of Observations and Modeling Attempts

Water Resources and Environment

Experimental Study on the Rainfall-Runoff Responses of Typical Urban Surfaces and Two Green Infrastructures Using Scale-Based Models

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