Regional trajectories in life expectancy and lifespan variation: Persistent inequality in two Nordic welfare states

Wilson, Ben; Drefahl, Sven; Sasson, Isaac; Henery, Paul; Uggla, Caroline

doi:10.1002/psp.2378

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…In the first paper, Wilson et al (2020) bring a fresh perspective to the study of spatial variation in health and mortality by exploring regional variations in life expectancy (LE) and life span inequality in Sweden and Finland. Using aggregate data on the whole population over a 25‐year period, the study is the first to assess regional inequalities in life expectancy and an innovative new measure of health inequality—lifespan inequality—for these countries, and to compare regional dynamics over time.…”

Section: Applications Of Register‐based Data For Studying Health Ineq...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first paper in this issue (Wilson et al, 2020) uses data from Finland and Sweden, thus showcasing the comprehensive population register data available from Nordic countries (Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Norway), which provides individual‐level information across multiple dimensions of a person's life course (health, fertility and marriage, residence and SES factors) over several decades. For the majority of European countries without such long‐established population registers, census data linked to death records, health registers and other administrative data (e.g., educational attainment and tax records) provides a representative data source for studying inequalities longitudinally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Editorial introduction: Social and spatial inequalities in health and mortality: The analysis of longitudinal register data from selected European countries

Keenan

Kulu

Cox

2021

Population Space and Place

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Health inequalities—systematic differences in health outcomes between social groups and across spatial units—are ubiquitous, but not necessarily inevitable. They are the product of a complex interplay of social and economic processes operating at various scales. The unequal pattern of infection and death seen in the Covid‐19 pandemic has served to highlight the stark social gradient in health that exists within many European countries. Although the complex social determinants of health have been studied for many decades, there is still a great deal of work to do to elucidate explanations for health inequalities across time and space. To rise to the challenge, we need high‐quality, representative data capable of capturing multi‐scalar longitudinal processes. This special issue brings together eight new studies which all use national population register data linked with various other sources of administrative data (e.g., residence, tax and health records) to investigate different vectors of inequalities in health and mortality, covering spatial, socioeconomic, ethnic and migrant status. This editorial outlines their contributions, argues for the invaluable role of population register data to understand health inequalities and suggests promising future research avenues.

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Section: Applications Of Register‐based Data For Studying Health Ineq...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial introduction: Social and spatial inequalities in health and mortality: The analysis of longitudinal register data from selected European countries

Keenan

Kulu

Cox

2021

Population Space and Place

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“…Substantive spatial variation in all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality has been documented in various contexts, which may represent regional variation in risk factors, regional variation in the composition of the resident population (e.g., in terms of socio‐economic position), and selective internal migration between regions in terms of health status (Keenan et al, 2021; Wilson et al, 2020). In Belgium, substantive spatial variation at both the regional and district level has been documented for all‐cause as well as cause‐specific mortality (Deboosere & Fiszman, 2009; Deboosere & Gadeyne, 2002; Duchene & Thiltgès, 1993; Eggerickx et al, 2018; Grimmeau et al, 2015).…”

Section: Spatial Variation In Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The spatial dimension of this convergence process has hitherto received limited attention, although several arguments suggest that it may be particularly relevant to understand the origin of the mortality advantage. First, several studies have shown that all‐cause mortality is subject to significant, and often persistent, spatial variation within countries (Deboosere & Gadeyne, 2002; Eggerickx et al, 2018; Wilson et al, 2020). Second, specific immigrant groups tend to settle in specific areas (Reniers, 1999), where local conditions may differentially affect the acculturation process and the evolution of mortality risks over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variation of migrant‐native mortality differentials by duration of residence in Belgium: A story of partial convergence

Neels

Wood

Surkyn

et al. 2021

Population Space and Place

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Previous studies have repeatedly shown that all‐cause mortality is subject to spatial variation within countries and that acculturation of migrant mortality to native patterns occurs gradually with increasing duration of residence. This suggests that spatial variation in mortality is likely to differ between migrants and natives and that the migrant mortality advantage may be subject to strong variation between local settings. Using longitudinal microdata from the Belgian census, the population register, and the tax registers for 2011–2015, this article contributes to our understanding of migrant‐native mortality differentials by considering subnational spatial variation in the mortality advantage, settlement patterns of migrant groups, and varying degrees of acculturation by duration of residence. Consistent with the health selection hypothesis and the migration as a rapid health transition hypothesis, spatial variation in all‐cause mortality is limited among migrants with durations of residence under 30 years, resulting in strong variation of the mortality advantage between districts. Partial convergence to the spatial pattern of natives emerges among first generation migrants with durations of residence exceeding 30 years, as well as the intermediate and second generation. In Belgium, the country‐level mortality advantage can be partially accounted for by the settlement pattern of the migrant population in districts characterised by high native mortality and large migrant‐native differentials in all‐cause mortality.

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“…In-country inequalities can be indicators of a nation's health, as well as social justice and societal equity [16]. Comparing the length of life in the regions of Sweden and Finland has shown that regional inequalities can exist in high-income countries with high life expectancy and can be extremely persistent [17]. A north-south gradient of life expectancy has been found in England and Wales that was mainly attributable to variations in deprivation status [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health disparities in Russia at the regional and global scales

Shartova

Тикунов

Chereshnya

2021

Int J Equity Health

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Background The capacity for health comparisons, including the accurate comparison of indicators, is necessary for a comprehensive evaluation of well-being in places where people live. An important issue is the assessment of within-country heterogeneity for geographically extensive countries. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial and temporal changes in health status in Russia and to compare these regional changes with global trends. Methods The index, which considers the infant mortality rate and the male and female life expectancy at birth, was used for this purpose. Homogeneous territorial groups were identified using principal component analysis and multivariate ranking procedures. Trend analysis of individual indicators included in the index was also performed to assess the changes over the past 20 years (1990–2017). Results The study indicated a trend towards convergence in health indicators worldwide, which is largely due to changes in infant mortality. It also revealed that the trend of increasing life expectancy in many regions of Russia is not statistically significant. Significant interregional heterogeneity of health status in Russia was identified according to the application of typological ranking. The regions were characterized by similar index values until the mid-1990s. Conclusions The strong spatial inequality in health of population was found in Russia. While many regions of Russia were comparable to the countries in the high-income group in terms of GDP, the progress in health was less pronounced. Perhaps this can be explained by intraregional inequality, expressed by significant fluctuations in income levels. Trial registration Not applicable.

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Regional trajectories in life expectancy and lifespan variation: Persistent inequality in two Nordic welfare states

Cited by 15 publications

References 59 publications

Editorial introduction: Social and spatial inequalities in health and mortality: The analysis of longitudinal register data from selected European countries

Editorial introduction: Social and spatial inequalities in health and mortality: The analysis of longitudinal register data from selected European countries

Spatial variation of migrant‐native mortality differentials by duration of residence in Belgium: A story of partial convergence

Health disparities in Russia at the regional and global scales

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