Regional Trading Arrangements – Stumbling Blocks or Building Blocks in the Process of Global Trade Liberalization?

Brkić, Snježana; Efendić, Adnan

doi:10.2139/ssrn.2239275

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 6 publications

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“…In the era of globalization and global economic integration, international trade agreements play a vital role in economic relations between countries (Brkić & Efendic, 2005). International trade agreements are formal agreements between countries to facilitate the flow of goods, services, and investment between the parties involved (Saayman et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The urgency of the approval of the people's representative council related to the ratification of international trade agreements (analysis of decision of mk-13-puu-xvi-2018)

Pitaloka

2023

EAEBJOL

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The community feels they are not included in the determination to express consent (consent to be bound) in international trade agreements. The HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is an extension of the people's hand, so the government should ask for the people's approval when deciding to participate in international agreements, especially related to trade. The people's sovereignty must be upheld in a democratic country so that the government cannot ignore the participation of the people. This problem lies in Article 11 of the 1945 Constitution and Article 10 of Law No. 24 of 2000. This article will examine in more depth whether it needs to be included in the criteria for approval by law related to international trade agreements. And is it true that the articles submitted in the petitum of the NGO to the Constitutional Court contradict the 1945 Constitution? This research is a normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The technique of gathering legal material is carried out by reviewing related literature and analyzing various legal references relevant to the problem under study for further analysis qualitatively and descriptively. This is done by implementing an in-depth and holistic review of multiple connections and evaluating legal materials related to issues. The study results show that all international agreements that have a broad impact, one of which is international trade agreements, should be approved by the House of Representatives in determining whether to participate in the contract. The articles in the petite submitted by NGOs are partly unconstitutional, and finally, international trade agreements should be ratified through law. Ratification, Approval of the House of Representatives, Decision of the Constitutional Court.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The urgency of the approval of the people's representative council related to the ratification of international trade agreements (analysis of decision of mk-13-puu-xvi-2018)

Pitaloka

2023

EAEBJOL

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Free Trade Agreements in the World Trade System: Benefits and Models

Tsygankova¹,

Yatsenko²,

Tananaiko³

et al. 2022

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It is indicated that one of the characteristic features of the modern trade system is the rapid growth of the number of regional trade agreements, which, in turn, causes asymmetry in the dominance of regional cross-border trade rules over multilateral ones. The main advantages for countries from participating in regional trade agreements have been identified: the possibility of excluding "vulnerable sectors" from the agreement; the ability to independently choose partners in negotiations; the use of the principle of "reciprocity" is more effective compared to the World Trade Organization, the possibility of forming the image of a regional leader; within the framework of such agreements, it is possible to carry out "experimental application" of certain new measures in the field of trade, which, if successfully tested, can be tried to be applied in general mode; the possibility of attracting more foreign investments by developing countries that are not regional leaders. After examining the degree of involvement of countries in concluding regional trade agreements for the presence of regional asymmetries, a significant difference was identified from the maximum involvement of the countries of the European region (on average 33.2 agreements per country) and the countries of Africa (2.7) and the Middle East (3.9). It is proposed that one of the vectors of the development of Ukraine's foreign economic policy should be the expansion of the scope of current and future regional trade agreements to the sphere of services, e-commerce and investments, given the potential, their compliance with the global trends of the trading system, as well as the ability of Ukraine to become a significant player in a number of markets for services and trade in digital products, taking into account the availability of an up-to-date legal framework on these issues. It was determined that 50% of Ukraine's commodity exports during 2016-2021 took place within the framework of the preferential regime provided for by key free trade agreements. According to the results of the proposed forecast of such exports for the period 2021-2023, using the method of time series analysis, it was confirmed that the corresponding dependence will only grow (export volumes within the framework of free trade agreements will grow by 3 percent annually, while total exports by 2%).

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Regional Trading Arrangements – Stumbling Blocks or Building Blocks in the Process of Global Trade Liberalization?

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

The urgency of the approval of the people's representative council related to the ratification of international trade agreements (analysis of decision of mk-13-puu-xvi-2018)

The urgency of the approval of the people's representative council related to the ratification of international trade agreements (analysis of decision of mk-13-puu-xvi-2018)

Free Trade Agreements in the World Trade System: Benefits and Models

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