Regional Organization and the United Nations

Abstract

One of the marked features of international relations in recent years has been the growth of regional groupings and organizations. Included among the more notable regional arrangements formed since 1944 are the League of Arab States, the Organization for European Economic Cooperation, the Organization of American States, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the European Coal and Steel Community. In addition to these and other existent arrangements are proposals for the creation of a European Defense Community and a European Political Community, the idea of a Pacific Pact resembling NATO, the concept of a Middle East Defense organization, and a possible linkage of Asian States.

Regional sanctions and the struggle for democracy: Introduction to the special issue

“…Even if targets of UNSC sanctions, institutionalised in Chapter VII of the UN Charter, are members of the UN, the contractual link is more remote than for regional sanctions. Already in 1954, Norman J. Padelford – a political scientist who took part in drafting the UN Charter – reasoned that ‘regional arrangements’ have ‘a directness of association which cannot be attained through universal institutions’ (Padelford, 1954, 204). Similarly, some years later, legal scholar Louis Sohn remarked that ‘[i]nternational regional organizations are more likely to be concerned with the like-mindedness of their members than are international organizations global in scope’ (Sohn, 1964, 1416).…”

Norm Subsidiarity and Regional Orders: Sovereignty, Regionalism, and Rule-Making in the Third World1

“…It is in the absence of any such line in Asia which creates the risk of war, as exemplified in Indochina. '' 24 20 1952-1954FRUS 1952-1954, Vol. 13: 971-973.…”

“…At its essence, subsidiarity “encourages and authorizes (local) autonomy.” 6 The origins of the concept can be traced to Pius XI’s papal encyclicals of 1931 7 . In international relations, the principle, if not the concept per se, featured in the debate between universalism and regionalism at the time of the drafting of the United Nations Charter at San Francisco in 1945 (Padelford 1954; Haas 1956; Etzioni 1970; Nye 1971). Subsidiarity is also a principle of the European Union (Búrca 1998; Moravcsik 1998:455; Swaine 2000; Pager 2003).…”

Recent trends in regional integration and the Indian experience

“…Regional integration has been defined as ‘an association of states based upon location in a given geographical area, for the safeguarding or promotion of the participants’, an association whose terms are ‘fixed by a treaty or other arrangements’ (Padelford, 1954: 203–216). De Lombaerde and van Langenhove (2004) define regional integration as ‘a worldwide phenomenon of territorial systems that increase the interactions between their components and create new forms of organisation, co-existing with traditional forms of state-led organisation at the national level’.…”