Regional Geochemistry of Tertiary Igneous Rocks in Central Chile: Implications for the Geodynamic Environment of Giant Porphyry Copper and Epithermal Gold Mineralization

Hollings, P.

doi:10.2113/100.5.887

Cited by 21 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The geochemical characteristics of adakites, however, can be created through three ways: slab melting, melting of thickened crust, and fractional crystallization . Both melting of thickened crust and fractional crystallization have been proposed as key factors that control Cu mineralization (Bissig et al 2003;Hollings et al 2005). Our modelling results, however, show that adakites formed by slab melting tend to have higher initial Cu concentrations that could facilitate Cu mineralization.…”

Section: Slab Melting Versus Lower Continental Crust Meltingmentioning

confidence: 65%

The genetic association of adakites and Cu–Au ore deposits

Sun

Zhang

Ling

et al. 2010

International Geology Review

213

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Section: Slab Melting Versus Lower Continental Crust Meltingmentioning

confidence: 65%

The genetic association of adakites and Cu–Au ore deposits

Sun

Zhang

Ling

et al. 2010

International Geology Review

213

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“…El traslape de edad entre ambas formaciones se debe al diacronismo del contacto, el cual en términos generales es más joven hacia el sur de la región considerada . La Formación Abanico consiste en hasta 3.000 m de rocas volcánicas, en algunos sectores con afinidades toleíticas y en otros calcoalcalina (Hollings et al, 2005). Contiene intercalaciones piroclásticas, volcanoclásticas y subordinadamente sedimentarias, las cuales localmente se encuentran fuertemente plegadas.…”

Section: Marco Geológicounclassified

El Cenozoico del alto río Teno, Cordillera Principal, Chile central: estratigrafía, plutonismo y su relación con estructuras profundas

Piquer

Castelli²,

Charrier

et al. 2010

AndGeo

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RESUMEN.La evolución geológica cenozoica del sector central de la Cordillera Principal a ~35ºS, se encuentra ínti-mamente relacionada con la evolución de estructuras profundas, las cuales habrían controlado, en distintas etapas de su historia, tanto la depositación de secuencias volcano-sedimentarias como el ascenso y emplazamiento de cuerpos intrusivos. Estudios estratigráficos en el entorno de estas estructuras, permiten confirmar la edad cenozoica de un conjunto de rocas piroclásticas y sedimentarias que subyacen concordantemente a lavas andesíticas de la Formación Abanico (asignada al Eoceno Tardío-Mioceno Temprano a Medio). Se determinó la existencia de cuatro fases intrusivas principales (diorita, granodiorita, pórfido riodacítico y pórfido dacítico, en ese orden de intrusión), cuyos productos afloran siguiendo una franja de orientación norte-sur. La granodiorita fue datada en 7,8±0,4 Ma (K-Ar en biotita). Pórfidos riodacíticos, considerados como facies marginales de la unidad anterior, se dataron en 7,9±0,4 Ma (K-Ar en fenocristales de plagioclasa). Se reconocieron dos estructuras de importancia regional: el Corrimiento El Fierro, y, más al oeste, se definió el Sistema de Fallas Infiernillo-Los Cipreses. En la caracterización de esta última estructura, se utilizó la modelación magnética de secciones como complemento a la información geológica. Se interpreta que el ascenso de las distintas fases intrusivas mencionadas fue controlado por el Sistema de Fallas Infiernillo-Los Cipreses. Este, al igual que el Corrimiento El Fierro, habría actuado como una falla normal de borde de cuenca durante el Eoceno Tardío-Mioceno Medio, controlando la depositación de productos volcánicos y sedimentarios de la Formación Abanico. Ambas fallas fueron reactivadas en modo inverso durante un importante episodio de contracción tectónica y de elevada presión de fluidos inducida por circulación de magmas, en el Mioceno Tardío, focalizando el ascenso de los intrusivos mencionados. ABSTRACT. The Cenozoic of the upper Teno River, Cordillera Principal, Central Chile: stratigraphy, plutonism and their relation with deep structures. The Cenozoic geologic evolution of the central part of the Cordillera Principal at ~35°S, is intimately related to the geodynamic evolution of deep crustal structures, which during different stages controlled the deposition of volcanosedimentary sequences, and the ascent and emplacement of epizonal intrusions. Newly defined stratigraphy around these structures confirms the Cenozoic age of a group of pyroclastic and sedimentary rocks, which conformably underlie andesitic lavas of the Abanico Formation (assigned to the Late Eocene-Early to Middle Miocene). Intrusive rocks correspond to four main phases (from oldest to youngest: diorite, granodiorite, rhyo-dacitic and dacitic porphyry), which occurs in a North-South trending belt. The granodiorite was dated at 7.8±0.4 Ma (K-Ar in biotite). Rhyo-dacitic porphyries, considered as a marginal lithodeme of the granodiorite, yielded 7.9±0.4 Ma (K-Ar in plagioclase ph...

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“…Batholith that intruded the Miocene volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of the moderately deformed Abanico Formation and weakly deformed Farellones Formation (Warnaars et al, 1985;Vergara et al, 1988;Serrano et al, 1996;Vargas et al, 1999;Hollings et al, 2005). This intrusion is strongly peraluminous, has a calcalkaline composition with an alkali-calcic affinity and is largely composed of quartz monzonite and quartz monzodiorite (Warnaars et al, 1985).…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Details of the geological setting and ore formation characteristics of the deposit are discussed in Warnaars et al (1985), Serrano et al (1996), Vargas et al (1999), Frikken (2005), Hollings et al (2005), and Deckart et al (2005).…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a correlation between mineralogy, rock strength measures, and breakage of Copper Porphyries

Yildirim¹

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The role of the comminution step in mineral processing is to reduce the size of the ore so that the valuable minerals liberated from the gangue minerals, in preparation for beneficiation. The effectiveness of the comminution step is related to the rock strength, which controlled by the minerals making up the rock, relative mineral abundances, texture, fracture frequency, and its associations. Copper porphyry deposits account for approximately two-thirds of global copper and form a good basis for investigating the effects of ore structure in comminution.Recent developments in integrated studies between ore variability and mineral processing have driven the need to understand ore variability better as a means of maximizing the value from the ore. As a result, the developed methodologies are now being adapted for incorporation into geological and metallurgical databases, with the aim of linking ore mineralogy to comminution and beneficiation performance. However, the current developments are driven by statistical correlations rather than a fundamental and mechanistic understanding.This thesis aims to develop a fundamental mechanistic relationship between mineralogy, hardness, and breakage by focusing on proportional mineral ratio changes caused during copper ore formation. Incorporated geological understanding of porphyry copper ore formation and phyllic alteration to processing is studied for two case studies viz. Highland Valley Copper Mine (HVC) and Los Bronces Mine (LB) and the approach underpins and strengthens the current methodologies for predicting the mill throughput of copper porphyries.This new approach introduces the key ore-forming parameters to mineral processing. The relationship between processing performance (breakage) and the degree of phyllic alteration is studied. This provides a link of ore genesis with rock strength and breakage behavior. A mechanistic method of single impact load cell test was utilized to measure the rock strength. The link between the strength and primary geological features is studied using QXRD; X-ray computed tomography and automated logging instruments.The thesis establishes that there is a relationship between the proposed porphyry copper process alternation index (PAI) and rock strength. The methods in this study can be used in developing the relationships between primary geological features and the rock strength; providing a novel and powerful technique to propagate breakage characteristics into the geological model of an ore body. Barış Gazanfer Yıldırım ii Declaration by authorThis thesis is composed of my original work and contains no material previously published or written by another person except where due reference has been made in the text. I have clearly stated the contribution by others to jointly-authored works that I have included in my thesis.I have clearly stated the contribution of others to my thesis as a whole, including statistical assistance, survey design, data analysis, significant technical procedures, professional editorial advice, and a...

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Regional Geochemistry of Tertiary Igneous Rocks in Central Chile: Implications for the Geodynamic Environment of Giant Porphyry Copper and Epithermal Gold Mineralization

Abstract: Cover sheetCover sheet Title Regional geochemistry of Tertiary igneous rocks in central Chile: Implications for the geodynamic environment of giant porphyry copper and epithermal gold mineralization

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

The genetic association of adakites and Cu–Au ore deposits

The genetic association of adakites and Cu–Au ore deposits

El Cenozoico del alto río Teno, Cordillera Principal, Chile central: estratigrafía, plutonismo y su relación con estructuras profundas

Development of a correlation between mineralogy, rock strength measures, and breakage of Copper Porphyries

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