Regional differences in gastrointestinal motility disturbances during acute necrotising pancreatitis

Abstract

Patients with acute pancreatitis often suffer from intestinal motility disturbances but the mechanism of this dysfunction is largely unknown. We studied the effect of acute necrotising pancreatitis (ANP) on in vivo gastrointestinal motility and in vitro intestinal contractility in mice. ANP was induced non-invasively by feeding young female mice a choline-deficient ethionine-supplemented (CDE) diet during 72 h. Gastric emptying and intestinal transit were measured in vivo 15 min after intragastric gavage of a semiliquid Evans blue bolus. Gastric and intestinal neuromuscular function was determined in vitro on isolated muscle strips. ANP significantly decreased gastric emptying from 61.2 +/- 9.8 to 34.9 +/- 7.1% and intestinal transit from 63.4 +/- 5.6 to 32.5 +/- 5.4%. ANP did not affect receptor-dependent and receptor-independent gastric muscle contractions except the contractions to substance P, which were slightly inhibited. In intestinal muscle strips, ANP significantly decreased contractions to EFS, carbachol, PGF(2alpha), substance P and KCl. Our results show that ANP delays gastric emptying in vivo, associated with a specific reduction in substance P contractility in vitro. ANP also impairs intestinal transit in vivo, associated with a non-specific reduction of intestinal contractility in vitro. We conclude that ANP impairs gastrointestinal motility in mice with underlying regional differences in the pathogenic mechanisms.

The Chinese herbal preparation Qing Yi Tang (QYT) improves intestinal myoelectrical activity and Increases intestinal transit during acute pancreatitis in Rodents

“…Caerulein injection is an accepted experimental protocol to elicit acute pancreatitis, resulting in a mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) depending on the dose and frequency of injections (Minutoli et al, 2004;Nathan et al, 2005). It is accepted that ANP causes numerous motility dysfunctions, including delayed gastric emptying and impaired intestinal transit (Seerden et al, 2005). The discrepancies in motility involvement reported here may be best explained by differences in the severity and the stage of experimental AP used.…”

“…It is often followed by systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (Algul et al, 2002;Schmid, 2005). In addition to respiratory problems, the stomach and intestine are frequently affected organs during AP, which often manifests with stress ulceration and motility disturbances (Rabeneck et al, 1993;Seerden et al, 2005). The consequences of disturbed intestinal motility include decreased gut propulsion resulting in ileus, bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation.…”

Cannabinoid HU210 Protects Isolated Rat Stomach against Impairment Caused by Serum of Rats with Experimental Acute Pancreatitis

“…[24]–[28]. Our prior study discovered that the pancreatic acinar cells suffered calcium overload and reduced vitality, as being incubated with AP serum or ascitic fluid [8].…”

Increased proportion of nitric oxide synthase immunoreactive neurons in rat ileal myenteric ganglia after severe acute pancreatitis

“…Forty to seventy percent of patients with pancreatic necrosis develop pancreatic infection leading to the development of sepsis, multiple organ failure (MOF) and eventual death [2]. Clinical evidence and animal experimentation of SAP have demonstrated that gastrointestinal motility disturbances such as intestinal ileus play a critical role on pancreatitis-associated sepsis and multiple organ failure [2,3]. Intestinal dysmotility results in gut barrier dysfunction, bacterial overgrowth and bacterial translocation from gut lumen.…”