Regional Difference and Seasonality of Rainfall in Java, with Special Reference to Bogor.

Nakamura, K.; Noerdjito, Woro A.; Hasyim, Ahsol

doi:10.3759/tropics.4.93

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…The altitude of the study area is 1100 m above sea level (a.s.l.). According to Nakamura et al . (1994), the average annual rainfall during the period from 1980 to 1989 at the nearest village, Cipanas (1100 m a.s.l.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometry and life history of a forest understory palmPinanga coronata(Arecaceae) on Mount Halimun, West Java

Kimura

Simbolon

2002

Ecological Research

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We studied the allometry and life history of an understory palm Pinanga coronata (Arecaceae) in a tropical montane rainforest on Mount Halimun, West Java, Indonesia. When the palm was small, the diameter of the stem increased with the minimum amount of vertical growth needed for new leaves to emerge (juvenile stage). After the base diameter of the stem and the length of the leaves reached a sufficient size (3.5 cm and 207.7 cm, respectively), the palm started to elongate the stem vertically (adult stage). The total mass and area of leaves in the crown increased with increasing stem mass, and approached constant values asymptotically. At the adult stage, the palm increased specific gravity of the lower part of the stem as it grew taller to support the increasing mass of crown and stem. To avoid self‐shading, crown architecture changed as the plant grew larger; leaf blades became longer and narrower and petiole length increased to display leaves efficiently away from the stem. The palm also produced clonal sprouting shoots and formed small clumps. Each clump contained an average of 7.5 shoots. The spatial distribution of the palm was strongly affected by topography, but only minimally affected by light conditions. The architectural adaptation to shaded conditions, effective dispersal of fruits and clonal growth are likely to be the factors that allow P. coronata to be one of the most dominant understory plant species in the study area.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allometry and life history of a forest understory palmPinanga coronata(Arecaceae) on Mount Halimun, West Java

Kimura

Simbolon

2002

Ecological Research

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“…The mean annual precipitation and temperature for 10 years since 1980 at nearby Cipanas (6°45Ј S, 107°81Ј E, 1,100 m a.s.l.) were 3,065 mm and 21.0°C (Nakamura et al 1994). Two adjacent 40-m £ 40-m permanent study plots were established on a gentle slope in montane forest near Cikaniki Research Station in 2002.…”

Section: Study Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species diversity, abundance, and vertical size structure of rattans in Borneo and Java

Watanabe

Suzuki

2007

Biodivers Conserv

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We studied rattan communities in four forest types in Borneo and Java to clarify the pattern of species diversity and vegetation structure. Within six plots of 4.82 ha in total, we found 42 rattan species in six genera with 4,736 stems (¸20 cm long). There was a signiWcant positive correlation between rattans and trees in species diversity, decreasing in the order mixed dipterocarp (for rattans: Shannon-Wiener diversity index, HЈ = 2.87-3.34) > alluvial (1.96) > lower montane (1.43) > peat swamp forests (1.34). This pattern coincided with the diversity of the regional Xora. The density of rattan stems (ha -1 ) decreased in the order lower montane (5,997) > mixed dipterocarp (598-992) > alluvial (592) > peat swamp forests (162). The maximum height of rattans would be determined by the canopy height, rather than by the maximum tree height. The rattan stem volume ranged from 0.25 to 1.88 m 3 ha ¡1 and was not correlated with the stem density. The cool montane climate seemed to decrease the maximum height of rattans, and a few small rattans made denser colonies. Swampy environments apparently suppressed the survival of non-climbing rattans strongly, but that of tall climbing rattans less so.

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“…The seasonal variations of cloud and wind, such as onset and withdrawal of rainy season, or monsoon over the Indonesia region, have been examined by several authors (Matsumoto 1992b;Tanaka 1994;Murakami and Matsumoto 1994). Other studies by Japanese ecologists examined climatic condition and statistics including those of rainfall (e.g., Inoue and Nakamura 1990;Nakamura 1994), but they were only for selected regions in Sumatera and Jawa without any detailed discussion on meteorological and climatological aspects. Therefore, there are no complete description on climatology over the Indonesia region after 1960s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Rainy Season over Indonesia and their Link to ENSO.

Hamada¹,

Yamanaka²,

Matsumoto

et al. 2002

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

230

176

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Regional and interannual variations of the rainy season over Indonesia are investigated using daily rainfall data during 1961-90. Pentad-mean rainfall data, with a relatively better continuity have been obtained for 46 stations, and the annual and semi-annual cycles of rainfall at these stations have been objectively analyzed by harmonic analysis. The onset of southern-hemispheric spring/summer (SON/ DJF) rainy season starts from the Indian Ocean side of Jawa in the middle September, and propagates northward (in Jawa) and eastward (to Nusa Tenggara in middle December). Another route of rainy seaCorresponding author: Jun-Ichi Hamada, Frontier Observational Research System for Global Change (FORSGC), Japan Marin Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan. E-mail: hamada@jamstec.go.jp ( 2002, Meteorological Society of Japan son propagation from Irian Jaya to Nusa Tenggara is observed. The withdrawal of the rainy season starts from western Nusa Tenggara in March, and goes eastward (to eastern Nusa Tenggara), and westward (to Jawa), until late May.Rainy season onset comes later (earlier) in El Niñ o (La Niñ a) years than the average at most stations (particularly in the south-eastern part of Jawa). Correlations between rainfall amounts at those stations, and the southern oscillation index in SON, are significantly high. However, the rainfall amount throughout a rainy season is not dependent upon the length of the rainy season (between onset and withdrawal) in many areas (except southern Sulawesi). The dominant time scale of interannual variations of rainy season onset during 1961-90 is 2-3 years, which looks somewhat shorter than that during 1910-41.

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Regional Difference and Seasonality of Rainfall in Java, with Special Reference to Bogor.

Abstract: Abshact Two sets of rainfall records previously published by Indonesian institutions were summarized to examine regional difference and seasonality ofrainfall in Java, especially sites in and around Bogor.

Cited by 19 publications

References 1 publication

Allometry and life history of a forest understory palmPinanga coronata(Arecaceae) on Mount Halimun, West Java

Allometry and life history of a forest understory palmPinanga coronata(Arecaceae) on Mount Halimun, West Java

Species diversity, abundance, and vertical size structure of rattans in Borneo and Java

Spatial and Temporal Variations of the Rainy Season over Indonesia and their Link to ENSO.

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