Regional deposition and clearance of particles in the human nose

Fry, F. A.; Black, A.

doi:10.1016/0021-8502(73)90063-3

Cited by 96 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Investigations on the deposition capacity of the nasal airways in humans have been based mainly on the comparison of particle concentrations in inhaled and exhaled air [1,3,5,6,8,10,11,13,14,15,17]. Methylene blue, bismuth subcarbonate, sodium sulfate, tyrosine [13], fluorescein, iodine vapor, ammonia [17], paraffin, carnauba wax particles [6], monodisperse polystyrene [1], and monodisperse sebacate [8] have been used as aerosols in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of particles within the nasal airways during respiration

Keck

Liu

Klotz

et al. 2000

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

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This study introduces a new experimental setup for particle detection within the nasal airways and describes intranasal deposition of particles at various regions of the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. During respiration of an aerosol of starch particles the nondeposited particles in the air were detected in 11 volunteers by a transnasally placed suction probe at numerous sites of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Another, identical suction probe measured the initial number of inhaled particles at the nostril. The two suction probes were connected to two identical laser particle counters and allowed calculation of particle deposition. Particles 1-3 microm in size were deposited to about 60% within the entire nasal cavity, whereas most of the particles 4-30 microm in size were deposited within the entire nasal cavity. Between 80% and 90% of the particles retained in the nasal cavity were deposited at the anterior nasal segment. Studies on deposition of various drugs within the nasal cavity using this experimental set-up are conceivable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of particles within the nasal airways during respiration

Keck

Liu

Klotz

et al. 2000

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

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“…There are no differences in nasal characteristics of the outliers on the plot. Fry and Black (1973) evaluated the sites of particle deposition of 2-10-p,m diameter particles in the human nasal passage and showed that while 45% to 95% of the particles deposited in the human head were in the anterior region, from 5% to 55% of the particles were deposited in the middle and posterior nasal passage. The residual variation after fitting the model in our experiment may be due to particle deposition in the middle and posterior nasal passages.…”

Section: Empirical Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Nasal Passage Particle Deposition: The Effect of Particle Size, Flow Rate, and Anatomical Factors

Kesavanathan

Swift

1998

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Most in vivo data of inspiratory nasal deposition efficiency have been obtained from measurements of particles ranging in sizc from 0.5 to 10 prn (Pattle 1961;Hounam et al 1971;Lippmann 1970;Fry and Black 1973;Heyder and Rudolf 1977). Several studies measured total deposition of submicrometer and ultrafine particles within the entire human respiratory tract (George and Breslin 1967;GiacomelliMaltoni 1972;Heyder et al 1975;Tu and Knutson 1984;Schiller et al 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition of Ultrafine Aerosols in the Head Airways During Natural Breathing and During Simulated Breath Holding Using Replicate Human Upper Airway Casts

Cheng

Yeh

et al. 1995

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Natural breathing and simulated breath-holding techniques have been used to measure inspiratory and expiratory head deposition of inhaled particles in human subjects. Because the simulated breath-holding path, in which the aerosol is drawn through the nose and mouth, differs from the natural path where inhaled particles enter the nose and penetrate through the larynx and trachea, the present study was undertaken to compare the deposition of ultrafine aerosol between these two experimental methods. Two replicate human upper airway casts containing a nasal airway, an oral passage, and a laryngeal-tracheal section were used to measure the head deposition efficiencies of monodisperse silver or polystyrene latex particles. Particles whose thermodynamic diameters ranged from 3.6 to 150 nm were drawn through the casts a t constant flow rates ranging from 4 to 30 L/min. For the inhalation study, test aerosols were drawn into the nasal airway and directed either through the laryngealtracheal section or through the oral passage; these flow patterns were reversed for the exhalation study. Results indicated that the difference in ultrafine aerosol deposition was not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level between the nose-mouth and nosetrachea paths for inhalation ( p = 0.10) and exhalation ( p = 0.33). For the range of particle sizes and flow rates studied, this finding suggests that the simulated breath-holding method, where test aerosols are drawn through the nose and mouth, is appropriate for estimating the inspiratory and expiratory deposition efficiency of ultrafine particles in the nose-trachea path.

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Regional deposition and clearance of particles in the human nose

Cited by 96 publications

References 8 publications

Detection of particles within the nasal airways during respiration

Detection of particles within the nasal airways during respiration

Human Nasal Passage Particle Deposition: The Effect of Particle Size, Flow Rate, and Anatomical Factors

Deposition of Ultrafine Aerosols in the Head Airways During Natural Breathing and During Simulated Breath Holding Using Replicate Human Upper Airway Casts

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