Regional Assessment of Joint Position Sense in the Spine

Swinkels, Annette; Dolan, Patricia

doi:10.1097/00007632-199803010-00012

Cited by 89 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Several previous studies have, however, demonstrated the reliability of the 3SPACE instrumentation for recording spine orientation. 14,21,23 In addition, repositioning errors found using the 3SPACE have been shown to be repeatable both within and between testing days. 23 The use of only healthy male subjects also presents a limitation to the generalizeability of these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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The Effect of Test Position on Lumbar Spine Position Sense

Preuss¹,

Grenier²,

McGill³

2003

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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Study Design: Repeated-measures experimental design. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare lumbar spine position sense in 3 test positions (standing, sitting, and 4-point kneeling [FPK]) to determine if position sense is affected by test position. Background: Several recent studies have tested position sense in the spine. There has, however, been no consistency in the testing methods or test positions used in these studies. Methods and Measures: Seventy asymptomatic males (range, 20-51 years) volunteered for testing. Active lumbar spine repositioning accuracy and precision was tested 3-dimensionally in 3 test positions (standing, sitting, and FPK) and under 2 conditions (eyes open and blindfolded), using the neutral spine posture as the initial reference position. Results: Both the accuracy and precision of lumbar spine repositioning was found to be significantly affected by test position. Repositioning errors (reflective of accuracy) were significantly larger in FPK than in both sitting and standing, and significantly larger in sitting than in standing, under both eyes-open and blindfolded conditions. Precision of repositioning was significantly less in the FPK position as compared to the standing position. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that test position has a significant effect on the acuity of lumbar spine position sense and should be considered when examining the current literature on spine proprioception. J Orthop Sports Phys

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In addition, Swinkels and Dolan 23,24 have noted that spine position sense is better in upright than in nonupright positions. These observations are interesting given that the existing literature on spine position sense has not maintained a standard testing protocol or test position.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Test Position on Lumbar Spine Position Sense

Preuss¹,

Grenier²,

McGill³

2003

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

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“…With antepulsion, the moment arm of the center of mass increases and causes increased loading of the unfused motion segments. Another reason for disc degeneration with antepulsion is probably the extensor muscle activity during attempts to maintain balance [29]. Compressive loading of the discs is highest with trunk extension exercises [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between sagittal plane changes and adjacent segment degeneration following lumbar spine fusion

Kumar¹,

2001

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IntroductionAdjacent segment degeneration (ASD) has been reported by many authors following lumbar and lumbosacral fusions [1,5,7,9,13,19,21,23,24,26,30,31,32]. In this study the term ASD is used to refer to the onset of degenerative changes in the previously normal disc spaces adjacent to the fusion segment. This becomes symptomatic in many cases and may need re-operation. It is well known that re-operations following lumbar fusions do not always carry good results and that the percentage of good results decreases with each revision surgery [4,11,16]. It is therefore essential to minimize the possibility of re-operation as much as possible. The reasons for adjacent segment degeneration are not fully understood as yet, although various causes have been speculated. The aim of this study is to examine the association of sagittal plane alterations with ASD.Abstract Adjacent segment degeneration following lumbar spine fusion remains a widely acknowledged problem, but there is insufficient knowledge regarding the factors that contribute to its occurrence. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship between abnormal sagittal plane configuration of the lumbar spine and the development of adjacent segment degeneration. Eightythree consecutive patients who underwent lumbar fusion for degenerative disc disease were reviewed retrospectively. Patients with spondylolytic spondylolisthesis and degenerative scoliosis were not included in this study. Mean follow-up period was 5 years. Results were analysed to determine the association between abnormal sagittal configuration and post operative adjacent segment degeneration. Thirty-one out of 83 patients (36.1%) showed radiographic evidence of adjacent segment degeneration. Patients with normal C7 plumb line and normal sacral inclination in the immediate post operative radiographs had the lowest incidence of adjacent level change compared with patients who had abnormality in one or both of these parameters. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.02). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adjacent level degeneration between male and female patients; between posterior fusion alone and combined posterolateral and posterior interbody fusions; and between fusions extending down to the sacrum and fusions stopping short of the sacrum. It was concluded was that normality of sacral inclination is an important parameter for minimizing the incidence of adjacent level degeneration. Retrolisthesis was the most common type of adjacent segment change. Patients with post operative sagittal plane abnormalities should preferably be followed-up for at least 5 years to detect adjacent level changes.

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“…The accuracy of these systems is also affected by the skin movement under the sensor that is unrelated to the vertebral movement, and the sensor's ability to maintain firm apposition during the length of the trial [33,40]. Another disadvantage is that only a fraction of the spinal position, limited to few vertebrae is measured [33,42,45,46]. Although these systems could have their place when investigating specific spinal pathologies, the clinical usefulness of such instruments may be limited when evaluating postures of patients with NSLBP who may demonstrate postural changes affecting the whole spine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study: reliability of the spinal wheel. A novel device to measure spinal postures applied to sitting and standing

et al. 2009

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Postural re-education is an integral part of physiotherapy management in patients with back pain. Although the link between posture and back pain is largely unknown, postural re-education is performed on the premise of optimizing spinal alignment to minimize stresses on the passive structures of the spine, to facilitate optimal muscular support and thus to prevent possible damage and further pain. A reliable and clinically meaningful measurement of spinal postures to monitor such interventions remains challenging. This study evaluated within-day (intra-tester, inter-tester) and between-day (test-retest) reliability of a novel spinal wheel device measuring thoracic and lumbar postures during sitting and standing. 17 healthy volunteers (age 39.5 ± 5.4, BMI 25 ± 9.2; 9 males) were measured three times, by three testers, on two separate occasions (1 week apart). The angular change between C7 and T12 and between T12 and S1 provided thoracic and lumbar curvatures, respectively. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals and typical error were calculated. Excellent reliability was demonstrated with intra-tester ICCs between 0.947 and 0.980 and typical error between 1.7°and 3.7°and intertester ICCs between 0.949 and 0.986 and typical error between 2.0°and 4.7°. Test-retest reliability was high with ICCs 0.719-0.908 and typical error between 4.0°and 7.4°. In conclusion, the spinal wheel demonstrated excellent within-day and high between-day reliability. The device may be used in conjunction with 2D camcorder to provide clinically useful visual evaluation of postures for assessment, intervention monitoring, and feedback during postural re-education.

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Regional Assessment of Joint Position Sense in the Spine

Cited by 89 publications

References 30 publications

The Effect of Test Position on Lumbar Spine Position Sense

The Effect of Test Position on Lumbar Spine Position Sense

Correlation between sagittal plane changes and adjacent segment degeneration following lumbar spine fusion

Preliminary study: reliability of the spinal wheel. A novel device to measure spinal postures applied to sitting and standing

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