Regenerative Medicine and Rehabilitation for Tendinous and Ligamentous Injuries in Sport Horses

Ortved, Kyla F.

doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2018.04.012

Cited by 41 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…A total of 44 studies on intra-articular injections of MSC obtained from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord for the OA treatment were analyzed in a review [ 49 ]. Intra-articular injection of all three MSC cell samples has been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of OA with minimal side effects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue

et al. 2020

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Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases of the connective tissue of the elderly. It was found that most epidemiological studies used the Kellgren and Lawrence system for classification of osteoarthritis, which indicates one of the 5 degrees (0–4) of osteoarthritis in various joints according to the radiographic atlas. It has been proven that chondroprotectors are represented by the following active substances: chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine sulfate or hydrochloride, hyaluronic acid, glycosaminoglycans, extraction preparations from animal or plant raw materials. The sources of raw materials for the manufacture of combined chondroprotectors are known, methods for their preparation and use are described. The main drugs on the chondroprotective market are presented. The effectiveness of their use for the treatment of osteoarthritis has been proven. It was found that preparations containing chondroitin sulfate have anti-inflammatory activity, affecting mainly the cellular component of inflammation, stimulate the synthesis of hyaluronic acid and proteoglycans. Methods of treating osteoarthritis using cell therapy (the use of readily available, highly proliferative, and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells) are presented.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue

et al. 2020

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“…Although the cells themselves will experience a lower strain than the tendon fascicles (Screen, Lee, Bader, & Shelton, 2004), previous studies have indicated that tendon cells can change their gene expression and function in response to strain (Thorpe, Clegg, & Birch, 2010). As a gradual return to exercise plays an essential part of the rehabilitation programme in both horses and humans (Frankewycz et al, 2017; Ortved, 2018), it is critical to understand the effects of force on both the endogenous adult tendon cells and any cells that may be applied therapeutically to improve regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclical strain improves artificial equine tendon constructs in vitro

Atkinson

Evans

Guest³

et al. 2020

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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Tendon injuries are a common cause of morbidity in humans. They also occur frequently in horses, and the horse provides a relevant, large animal model in which to test novel therapies. To develop novel cell therapies that can aid tendon regeneration and reduce subsequent reinjury rates, the mechanisms that control tendon tissue regeneration and matrix remodelling need to be better understood. Although a range of chemical cues have been explored (growth factors, media etc.), the influence of the mechanical environment on tendon cell culture has yet to be fully elucidated. To mimic the in vivo environment, in this study, we have utilised a novel and affordable, custom-made bioreactor to apply a cyclical strain to tendon-like constructs generated in three-dimensional (3D) culture by equine tenocytes. Dynamic shear analysis (DSA), dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to determine the mechanical and chemical properties of the resulting tendon-like constructs. Our results demonstrate that equine tenocytes exposed to a 10% cyclical strain have an increased amount of collagen gel contraction after 7 and 8 days of culture compared with cells cultured in 3D in the absence of external strain.While all the tendon-like constructs have a very similar chemical composition to native tendon, the application of strain improves their mechanical properties. We envisage that these results will contribute towards the development of improved biomimetic artificial tendon models for the development of novel strategies for equine regenerative therapies. K E Y W O R D S3D culture, dynamic shear analysis, equine, mechanical properties, tendon cells

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“…20 While ultrasound-guided needle placement is sometimes perceived to be technically more difficult, its use is warranted for this purpose as it has been shown in both human and equine medicine to significantly improve the accuracy of synoviocentesis. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In cases of minimal DFTS effusion and/or cases in which multiple structures are involved, the use of ultrasound is recommended to improve accuracy. One of the noted risks of blind or landmark-guided needle placement in the DFTS is inadvertent penetration of the fetlock joint.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in cases without significant effusion within the DFTS, accurate needle placement into the synovial space can be difficult. [1][2][3] In addition, treatment of these injuries, such as with regenerative therapies, [4][5][6] often requires accurate placement of the appropriate elected treatment into the synovial space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Guided Proximolateral Approach for Digital Flexor Tendon Sheath Injection in the Horse: A Cadaver Study

Horne

Redding

et al. 2019

VCOT Open

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Objectives The aim of this study was to define a reliable ultrasound-guided proximolateral approach (PLA) for injection of the digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS) in horses that would be as accurate as the landmark-guided basilar sesamoidean approach (BSA). Study Design Forty cadaveric limbs with no palpable effusion or DFTS abnormalities were randomly and evenly distributed between one senior (WRR) and one resident clinician (CRH) and between ultrasound-guided PLA and landmark-guided BSA groups. Limbs were injected with contrast, radiographed, and dissected. For each injection, the following was recorded: clinician, order of injection, number of attempts, if contrast was present within the DFTS, and if a structure other than the DFTS was penetrated. Results The ultrasound-guided PLA resulted in a greater number of successful injections into the DFTS than the landmark-guided BSA (19/20 vs. 16/20, respectively) with significantly fewer attempts (p = 0.03). The ultrasound-guided PLA also resulted in significantly less penetration of the surrounding soft tissue structures compared with the landmark-guided BSA (p = 0.02). Neither clinician experience nor injection number within the series was determined to have an effect on injection outcome. Conclusions The ultrasound-guided PLA to the DFTS is accurate and technically easy to perform. This approach should be considered for synoviocentesis of the DFTS, particularly in cases in which effusion is not present to reduce soft tissue trauma.

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Regenerative Medicine and Rehabilitation for Tendinous and Ligamentous Injuries in Sport Horses

Cited by 41 publications

References 84 publications

Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue

Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue

Cyclical strain improves artificial equine tendon constructs in vitro

Ultrasound-Guided Proximolateral Approach for Digital Flexor Tendon Sheath Injection in the Horse: A Cadaver Study

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