Regeneration, relocation and health behaviours in deprived communities

Kearns, Ade; Mason, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.12.012

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…Urban regeneration may not address residents' concerns 123,124 and may not influence psychosocial, lifestyle, safety or economic determinants of mental health. 125 However, the intervention borough of Newham had higher rates of depressive symptoms at all waves than the comparison boroughs, which may be explained by other unmeasured differences between the boroughs, such as social, economic and environmental determinants of mental health. 125 A previous cohort study of adolescent depressive symptoms in Newham, Tower Hamlets and Hackney between 2001 and 2005, the RELACHS study, found the highest rates of depressive symptoms in Hackney and the lowest rates in Newham, 42 suggesting that borough differences in rates of mental health are changeable over relatively short time periods.…”

Section: Urban Regeneration and Adolescent Depressive Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The effects of the London 2012 Olympics and related urban regeneration on physical and mental health: the ORiEL mixed-methods evaluation of a natural experiment

et al. 2018

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Background There is limited evidence for public health policy-makers on the health impacts of urban regeneration programmes. Objectives To assess whether or not the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, and related urban regeneration, were associated with an increase in physical activity and mental health and well-being; to assess whether or not any benefits were sustained over time; and to capture the experiences of residents of the Olympic host boroughs. Design Quasi-experimental prospective cohort study of adolescents and their parents/carers, with a nested qualitative longitudinal study of families. Setting London boroughs of Newham, Barking and Dagenham, Tower Hamlets and Hackney. Participants A cohort of 2254 adolescents in 25 schools; a repeat cross-sectional study of parents/carers and a sample of 20 families for the qualitative study. Intervention The London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games, and urban regeneration primarily associated with the redevelopment of the Olympic Park for legacy use. Primary outcome measures Change in the proportion of respondents meeting physical activity recommendations (using self-reported physical activity); change in the proportion of respondents reporting depression and anxiety and change in well-being score. Main results At 6 months, adolescents who became inactive were less likely to come from the intervention borough (Newham) than from comparison boroughs [risk ratio (RR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.51 to 0.93]. At 18 months, there were no statistically significant differences between intervention and comparison boroughs for all adolescent physical activity and screen-time transitions. Those who visited the Olympic Park more than once a month were the least likely to remain inactive (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.48) and the least likely to become inactive (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.60) compared with those who were active at baseline and at the 18-month follow-up. No impacts on parental/carer physical activity were observed. Adolescents who were ‘no longer depressed’ (RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.20) or ‘remained depressed’ (RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.12 to 2.83) at 6 months were more likely to be from the intervention borough. For well-being, there was no association between boroughs and change in well-being between baseline and the 6-month follow-up. At 18 months’ follow-up, adolescents who ‘remained depressed’ (RR 1.93, 95% CI 1.01 to 3.70) were more likely to be from the intervention borough than from comparison boroughs. No associations were observed for well-being at 18 months. There was limited evidence of change for parental mental health and well-being. The qualitative study found that residents generally welcomed the unexpected chance to live in a cleaner, safer and more unified environment. The findings suggested that the Games temporarily alleviated certain stressors in the social and physical environment. Overall, the Games lessened participants’ sense of social exclusion and appeared to generate a sense of inclusion and respite, even if this was only temporary. Study limitations include the potential for adolescents to not be assigned the correct level of exposure to urban regeneration and the effect of reductions in central and local public budgets owing to the UK Government’s deficit reduction programme. Conclusions This study provided the highest quality data to date on the short- and medium-term social and health impacts of sporting mega-events. We found limited evidence that the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games had a positive effect on adolescent or parental physical activity, mental health or well-being. Funding The National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.

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Section: Urban Regeneration and Adolescent Depressive Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 92%

The effects of the London 2012 Olympics and related urban regeneration on physical and mental health: the ORiEL mixed-methods evaluation of a natural experiment

et al. 2018

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“…Young and Willmott’s (1957) classic study of kinship in east London, for example, identified many individuals who actually found displacement to have a beneficial impact on their lives, with an enforced move from the inner city to newly-constructed suburbs nonetheless bringing them heating, running water, indoor toilets and multiple bedrooms. Longitudinal research in Glasgow by Kearns and Mason (2013, 2015) likewise suggests that there might be a difference in the ‘psychosocial’ impacts of displacement between those willing to move and those who are reluctant displacees. Reporting deleterious health outcomes for those displaced from central Glasgow housing estates, their conclusion was that ‘most of those who moved considered that they had “bettered” their residential conditions, though again less so in neighbourhood than in dwelling terms’ (Kearns and Mason, 2013: 195).…”

Section: Un-homing and The Violence Of Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving beyond Marcuse: Gentrification, displacement and the violence of un-homing

Elliott-Cooper

Hubbard

Lees

2019

Progress in Human Geography

245

138

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Displacement has become one of the most prominent themes in contemporary geographical debates, used to describe processes of dispossession and forced eviction at a diverse range of scales. Given its frequent deployment in studies describing the consequences of gentrification, this paper seeks to better define and conceptualise displacement as a process of un-homing, noting that while gentrification can prompt processes of eviction, expulsion and exclusion operating at different scales and speeds, it always ruptures the connection between people and place. On this basis – and recognising displacement as a form of violence – this paper concludes that the diverse scales and temporalities of displacement need to be better elucidated so that their negative emotional, psychosocial and material impacts can be more fully documented, and resisted.

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“…Community-built environment is able to improve the community environment in general indirectly through the community cultural environment. The accessibility to outdoor space and the perception of the community green space have a significant influence on the interpersonal communications of older people and their social participation [49,51,54,71]. In addition, green space can help older people to overcome their loneliness, and provide a public space for developing the social networks of older people [72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marston and van Hoof [48] (2019) proposed an extension of the WHO's age-friendly cities model with incorporating the domain of technology when designing urban environments. Previous research concluded that an age-friendly community has various dimensions, including physical environment, housing conditions, social environment, accessibility to activities, formal and informal support, health care, transport, and social interactions [49][50][51][52][53]. Building age-friendly physical spaces and environments is essential to facilitate older people having successful ageing-in-place [48].…”

Section: Age-friendly Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Older People’s Perception of Changes in Their Living Environment after Relocation: A Case Study in Beijing, China

Gao

Cheng

2020

IJERPH

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Beijing has been experiencing population ageing and rapid urbanization processes. Older people's living environment has changed dramatically. This research aims to understand the older people's perception of the changes in their living environment, the determinants of age-friendly living environment, and the impact path before and after their relocation in Beijing. The quantitative analysis is based on 353 valid questionnaires collected in four sample communities in Beijing. By using descriptive analysis and structure equation modeling (SEM), the results show that the living environment gets improved after relocation except accessibility to health care facilities. The cultural environment of the communities has significant impacts on the age-friendliness of the living environment. The physical environment of communities is able to improve the living environment indirectly through promoting the community cultural environment. This study sheds light on future research on age-friendly living environment for the ageing population in Beijing. conditions had a significant direct effect on the community environment (0.27), and the improvement 339 in living conditions can improve the perception of the community environment. As for the 340 community-built environment, the result showed that the community-built environment had no 341 significant direct effect on the general perceptions of the changes in community environment.342 However, the improvement in the built environment had a significant indirect impact on the 343 perceptions of changes in community environment, through facilitating older people's interpersonal 344 communication (0.16) and the recreational activities in the community (0.48). This result implied that 345 the built environment indirectly improved the community environment in general by improving 346 residents' perceptions of the social cultural environment. With regard to the accessibility to services, 347 although no significant association was found between the accessibility to services and overall 348 perceptions of community environments in this model, this path was kept showing possible relations349 which are supposed by previous research. The next two variables are interpersonal communication 350 and community recreational activities, which can be seen as components of community cultural 351 environment. The result showed that the improvement of interpersonal communication significantly 352 promotes the general community environment (0.37). Recreational activities could both significantly 353 directly influence the perception of overall community environment (0.29), and indirectly promote 354 the community environment through affecting interpersonal communication (0.07). In addition, the 355 improvements in the accessibility to information on policies (0.17) had a direct positive influence on 356 the perception of community environment. Indirectly, accessibility to information (0.17) was able to 357 improve the overall perception of the community environment by promoting community health 358 se...

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Regeneration, relocation and health behaviours in deprived communities

Cited by 17 publications

References 66 publications

The effects of the London 2012 Olympics and related urban regeneration on physical and mental health: the ORiEL mixed-methods evaluation of a natural experiment

The effects of the London 2012 Olympics and related urban regeneration on physical and mental health: the ORiEL mixed-methods evaluation of a natural experiment

Moving beyond Marcuse: Gentrification, displacement and the violence of un-homing

Older People’s Perception of Changes in Their Living Environment after Relocation: A Case Study in Beijing, China

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