Refuse recovered biomass fuel from municipal solid waste. A life cycle assessment

Ripa, Maddalena; Fiorentino, Gabriella; Giani, Holger; Clausen, Adele; Ulgiati, Sérgio

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.058

Cited by 52 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…The increasing amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) is a serious environmental, social, and economic issue of the modern society. The European Union Waste Framework Directive (WFD) requires the reduction and utilization of municipal solid waste (MSW) prior to landfill disposal [1]. MSW is a multicomponent mixture, containing plastics, paper, wood and other organic and inorganic components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and plastic mixtures using HZSM-5

et al. 2017

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The catalytic effect of HZSM-5 zeolite was studied on the thermal decomposition of model waste mixtures of plastics (composed of PE, PP, and PET) and biomass (composed of newspaper, cardboard, and pine sawdust). The influence of temperature and catalyst ratio as well as the hindering effect of cellulose and lignin on the catalytic decomposition of plastic waste were studied applying analytical pyrolysis at low and high heating rate by thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry (TG/MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), respectively. The products of laboratory scale batch pyrolysis and thermo-catalytic pyrolysis were analyzed in details and compared. HZSM-5 catalyst reduced the thermal stability of plastic waste, but the catalytic effect was blocked when 50% cellulose or 10% lignin were mixed in the plastic waste. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been applied to reveal correlations between the composition of pyrolysis products, pyrolysis temperature and proportion of the applied catalyst. It was established that the hindering effect of biomass could be compensated by applying higher catalyst ratio. In a batch reactor, the use of HZSM-5 catalyst led to a significant increase in the yields of volatiles (both gases and pyrolysis oil); moreover aromatization or isomerization effects have been observed. Aromatic compounds were produced to a reduced extent by thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomasscontaining plastic waste compared to that of plastic waste indicating that the cellulose and lignin components of the waste lower the HZSM-5 catalyst activity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and plastic mixtures using HZSM-5

et al. 2017

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“…Countries with a "cold climate" require large amounts of thermal energy for most of the year and are oriented towards a waste management model that encourages recovery of their energy content. The production of fuels and/or biofuels from municipal solid waste (MSW) has become very important in European Union (EU) countries [13][14][15][16][17][18]. In this framework, there is an option that is always considered strategic: selective collection (SC) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, k AB = a RES + a T (14) Starting from this framework, the authors propose the following formula (STEP 5) for an SC quality index (SCQI), whose calculation pathway can be reconstructed according to the method proposed by Kyriakis et al [23]:…”

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confidence: 99%

Selective Collection Quality Index for Municipal Solid Waste Management

et al. 2018

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Trentino (an Italian Province located in the northern part of the country) is equipped with a management system of municipal solid waste collection at the forefront. Among the most positive aspects, there is a great ability for waste separation at the source and a consequent low production of residual municipal solid waste for disposal. Latest data show a gross efficiency of selective collection that has recently reached 80%, one of the highest values in Italy. This study analyzed the "Trentino system" to identify the main elements that have been at the base of the current efficient model. This provided an opportunity to propose a selective collection quality index (SCQI), including collection efficiency for each fraction, method of collection, quality of the collected materials, presence of the punctual tariff and tourist incidence. A period relevant for the transition of the collection system to the recent one was chosen for the demonstrative adoption of the proposed indicators in order to determine the potential of the index adoption. Results of the analysis of this case study were obtained in a quantitative form thanks to the sub-parameters that characterize the proposed index. This allowed selected collection decision makers to focus intently on a territory to find criticalities to be solved. For instance, the use of the index and its sub-indicators in the case of Trentino identified and comparatively quantified the local problems resulting from the presence of a large museum in a small town, tourism peaks in some valleys, and a delay in the punctual tariff adoption. The index has been proposed with the aim to make available an integrated tool to analyze other areas in Italy and abroad.

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“…LCAs on MSWM technologies: LCA is used for the evaluation of MSWM technologies, such as fuel generation form MSW [13], valorizing MSW to bioenergy microbial protein, lactic and succinic acid via different biorefinery platforms [14], pyrolysis-gasification treatment processing of MSW [15], fast pyrolysis of MSW [16], use of compost from contaminated biodegradable MSW with silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles [17], as well as comparisons in between practical technologies [18]. LCA has also been applied for assessing emerging new treatment technologies, such as an innovative and enhanced mechanical and biological treatment (MBT) demo plant installed in Mertesdorf (Germany), as part of Material Advanced Recovery Sustainable Systems [19], comparisons of three dual-stage advanced energy-from-waste technologies, i.e., gasification and plasma gas cleaning, fast pyrolysis and combustion and gasification with syngas combustion [20], mechanical biological pre-treatment of MSW [21]. Effects of specific treatment processing was also studied through LCA, such as street sweeping services [22], and source-separated collection [23].…”

Section: State Of the Art Of Life Cycle Assessment On Municipal Solidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Garbage-Classification Based Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: A Comparative Case Study in China

Yujun¹,

Li²,

Zhai³

2020

IJERPH

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Confronted with a series of problems caused by surging generation of municipal solid waste (MSW), the Chinese central and local governments have promulgated and implemented policies to deal with them, including promotions of the classification of MSW. However, to date, practical knowledge and understanding about benefits for garbage classification from its environmental performance perspective is still limited. The present study is purposed to comprehensively investigate the environmental effects of garbage classification on municipal solid waste management (MSWM) systems based on three proposed garbage classification scenarios in China, via a comparative life cycle impact assessment (LCIA). Taking advantage of Impact Assessment of Chemical Toxics (IMPACT) 2002+ method, this comparative LCIA study can quantitatively evaluate midpoint, endpoint, and single scored life cycle impacts for the studied MSWM systems. A Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis is carried out to test the effectiveness and reliabilities of the LCIA results. The LCIA and uncertainty analysis results show that MSWM systems based on various garbage classification scenarios have significant variations in the studied midpoint, endpoint, and single scored environmental impacts. Different garbage classification scenarios have their individual environmental-friendly superiority for specific impact categories. Overall, results of this study demonstrate that MSW treatment systems integrated with garbage classification are more environmentally friendly by comparison with non-classification; and that the more elaborate the level of MSW classification, the smaller its impacts on the environment.

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Refuse recovered biomass fuel from municipal solid waste. A life cycle assessment

Cited by 52 publications

References 39 publications

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and plastic mixtures using HZSM-5

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and plastic mixtures using HZSM-5

Selective Collection Quality Index for Municipal Solid Waste Management

Life Cycle Impact Assessment of Garbage-Classification Based Municipal Solid Waste Management Systems: A Comparative Case Study in China

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