Refractory metal-carbide systems

Tosdale, J.P.

doi:10.2172/4557476

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…3 As an example, a biomimetic a-C film was previously fabricated with the intention of duplicating the black wings of the Ornithoptera goliath butterfly showed 99% optical absorbance and <1% reflectance in the visible-wavelength range (380−795 nm). 3 Another class of high-performance analogues of melanin is the transition-metal carbides (TMCs), 4 which exhibit highly selective absorbance in the ultraviolet (UV)-to-infrared (IR) range. One of the most attractive features of TMCs is their high melting points, the majority of which are close to or above 3000 K (2960, 3058−3103, 3080, 3430, 3881, and 4120−4150 K for MoC, WC, VC, TiC, NbC, and TaC, respectively).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonized Hybrid Micro/Nanostructured Metasurfaces Produced by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Organic Solvents for Biomimetic Antireflective Surfaces

Zhang

Ranjan

Tanaka

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Hybrid micro/nanostructures and light-absorbing pigment of melanin are two key factors for the excellent antireflective properties of the butterfly wings of Ornithoptera goliath. In this work, femtosecond laser ablation of metals in an organic solvent (FLAMOS) was used to generate hybird micro/ nanostructured cross-linked ultrahigh/low spatial frequency laserinduced periodic surface structures (UHSFLs/LSFLs), which well mimic the antireflective architecture of Ornithoptera goliath. The simultaneously deposited carbon or newly formed transition metal carbide (TMC) plays the same role of light-absorbing pigment of melanin on Ornithoptera goliath. A total of 13 transition metals and one transition-metal alloy

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonized Hybrid Micro/Nanostructured Metasurfaces Produced by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Organic Solvents for Biomimetic Antireflective Surfaces

Zhang

Ranjan

Tanaka

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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“…The highest melting temperatures for most monocarbides occur at C/M ratios that are less than one, and pseudo-binary and pseudo-ternary carbides have their highest melting temperatures for single-phase solid solutions. The melting point for singlephase solid solution carbides has been shown to be 100-700 K higher than the melting temperature for carbides that have formed a separate carbon phase (e.g., [U, Zr] C x +C) [20,21]. Figure 3 shows the solidus curves for ternary mixed carbides of (U, Zr, Nb) C from [20].…”

Section: Carbon-based Fuels and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The melting point for singlephase solid solution carbides has been shown to be 100-700 K higher than the melting temperature for carbides that have formed a separate carbon phase (e.g., [U, Zr] C x +C) [20,21]. Figure 3 shows the solidus curves for ternary mixed carbides of (U, Zr, Nb) C from [20]. This study showed higher melting temperatures for ternary mixtures than for binary carbides of ZrC or NbC with an equal amount of UC.…”

Section: Carbon-based Fuels and Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Reactor Materials

Burns¹,

Johnson²

2021

Nuclear Materials

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Nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) systems have been studied in both the USA and the former Soviet Union since the 1950s for use in space science and exploration missions. NTP uses nuclear fission to heat hydrogen to very high temperatures in a short amount of time so that the hydrogen can provide thrust as it accelerates through an engine nozzle. Benefits of NTP systems compared to conventional chemical and solar electric powered propulsion systems include higher fuel efficiency, greater mission range, shorter transit times, and a greater ability to abort missions and return to Earth in the event of system failure. As a result of these benefits, the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is evaluating NTP for use in crewed missions to Mars, and plans for a possible mid-2020s flight demonstration of a NTP engine are under development. The extremely harsh conditions that NTP systems must operate in present a number of significant engine design and operational challenges. The objective of this chapter will be to describe the history of NTP material development, describe current NTP material fabrication and design practices, and discuss possible future advances in space propulsion material technologies.

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The C-Hf (carbon-hafnium) system

Okamoto

1990

Bulletin of Alloy Phase Diagrams

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Refractory metal-carbide systems

Cited by 14 publications

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Carbonized Hybrid Micro/Nanostructured Metasurfaces Produced by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Organic Solvents for Biomimetic Antireflective Surfaces

Carbonized Hybrid Micro/Nanostructured Metasurfaces Produced by Femtosecond Laser Ablation in Organic Solvents for Biomimetic Antireflective Surfaces

Nuclear Thermal Propulsion Reactor Materials

The C-Hf (carbon-hafnium) system

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