Refractive indices and electro-optic coefficients of the eulitities Bi4Ge3O12 and Bi4Si3O12

Bortfeld, D. P.; Meier, H. P.

doi:10.1063/1.1661080

Cited by 73 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Bortfeld, Schweppe, and Williams have provided similar measurement results of photoelastic properties of BGO crystal and the phase retardation induced by pressure linear birefringence is proportional to the pressures on crystal surface [15][16][17]. So, phase retardations should be the same in the presence of equal pressures on two of the same BGO crystals.…”

Section: Theoretical Analysessupporting

confidence: 53%

“…The error of the scale factor is within 1.63% when temperature varies from 0°C to 60°C according to expression (15), while the error of scale factor belonging to our former single crystal OVS is 4.59% after utilizing a temperature compensation algorithm. Therefore, the OVS performs more stably than the former single crystal OVS in the presence of temperature variation.…”

Section: B Temperature Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

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Linear birefringence-free optical voltage sensor based on dual-crystal structure

Zhang

et al. 2013

Appl. Opt.

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This paper proposes an optical voltage sensor (OVS) with a dual-crystal structure for eliminating the impacts of linear birefringence in sensing crystal, which is induced by thermal gradients and pressure on a crystal surface. First, the configuration and the principle of the linear birefringence-free OVS are introduced. Second, the effectiveness of the dual-crystal structure is analyzed by the theoretical method and eventually verified by experiments. Moreover, the impact of the half-wave plate employed in the dual-crystal structure is investigated. When applied AC voltages exceed 500 V, the OVS achieves accuracy within ±0.1% at indoor temperature and ±0.3% with temperature varying from 0°C to 60°C. On the other hand, the scale factor error of the OVS is within ±0.078% at indoor temperature and ±1.63% when temperature varies from 0°C to 60°C.

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Section: Theoretical Analysessupporting

confidence: 53%

Section: B Temperature Performancementioning

confidence: 98%

Linear birefringence-free optical voltage sensor based on dual-crystal structure

Zhang

et al. 2013

Appl. Opt.

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“…It has been reported that is 0.96 to 1.11 [pm/V] for light of 633 to 1000 nm in wavelength [18], [19]. The is extrapolated by the two-term Sellmeier approximation [12] to for light for light…”

Section: A Pockels Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Directly High-Voltage Measuring System Based on Pockels Effect

Kumada

Hidaka

2013

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

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To measure high voltage up to 450 kV in the dc to GHz range, a new optical high-voltage measuring system using a Pockels crystal in a longitudinal modulation arrangement is developed. The maximum measurable voltage for conventional Pockels sensors has been limited by the half-wavelength voltage . In the new system, a two-wavelength dual laser system is introduced to expand measurable voltage up to the least common multiple of for each light. The measured results for dc, ac, lightning impulse, and step voltages by the system are presented and compared with the predicted values.Index Terms-Bismuth germanium oxide (BGO), divider, Faraday effect, Pockels effect, voltage sensor.

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“…Based on experience gained from the aforementioned investigations, the bismuth germanate system is employed and, the formation of Bi 4 Ge 3 O 12 (BGO) is explored, in order to provide insight into phase formation. BGO is a noncentrosymmetric cubic crystal (space group I‐43d), which makes it of interest for its linear electro‐optic coefficient r 41 for voltage sensors, and for its second order nonlinear‐optical coefficient useful, for example, for second harmonic generation . In addition, BGO is a known scintillator and has been studied for its utility in radiation detection …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molten core fabrication of bismuth germanium oxide Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ crystalline core fibers

et al. 2018

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Optical fibers possessing a crystalline oxide core have significant potential for novel and useful electro‐ or nonlinear‐optic waveguides. Presently, however, their utility suffers from the slow speed and limited cladding materials afforded by conventional crystal‐fiber‐growth techniques. Described herein is the development of single phase bismuth germanium oxide crystalline core fibers using conventional glass fiber drawing. More specifically, fibers were fabricated and evaluated based on 2 embodiments of the molten core method. In a first approach, a Bi4Ge3O12 single crystal was employed as the precursor and sleeved inside a borosilicate glass cladding. In the second approach, additional Bi2O3 was included along with the Bi4Ge3O12 precursor single crystal. Glass clad fibers drawn from the precursor Bi4Ge3O12 single crystal resulted in a polycrystalline core with various crystal morphologies (line‐like, dendrite‐like, and uniform grains) as will be discussed, while fibers drawn from the Bi4Ge3O12 single crystal surrounded by Bi2O3 resulted in a more homogeneous microstructure. The eulytine crystal structure was crystallized using both approaches, with the formation of a secondary crystal phase using the second approach. More particularly, this work aims at showing that single phase and phase pure crystalline oxide core optical fibers can be achieved using conventional glass fiber draw processes, although further optimization is necessary for obtaining single crystalline core fibers.

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Refractive indices and electro-optic coefficients of the eulitities Bi4Ge3O12 and Bi4Si3O12

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Linear birefringence-free optical voltage sensor based on dual-crystal structure

Linear birefringence-free optical voltage sensor based on dual-crystal structure

Directly High-Voltage Measuring System Based on Pockels Effect

Molten core fabrication of bismuth germanium oxide Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ crystalline core fibers

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Refractive indices and electro-optic coefficients of the eulitities Bi4Ge3O12 and Bi4Si3O12

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Linear birefringence-free optical voltage sensor based on dual-crystal structure

Linear birefringence-free optical voltage sensor based on dual-crystal structure

Directly High-Voltage Measuring System Based on Pockels Effect

Molten core fabrication of bismuth germanium oxide Bi4Ge3O12 crystalline core fibers

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Product

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Molten core fabrication of bismuth germanium oxide Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂ crystalline core fibers