Reflectometric Analysis for Identification of Various Pathological Conditions Associated with Lichen Planus

Abstract

Reflectometric technique for analyzing urine strips represents a simple, fast and inexpensive method, with no risk and discomfort for the patient. In the present paper, the authors conducted a retrospective study on the possible association between lichen planus (LP) and a number of pathological conditions that produce changes of urine metabolites. A retrospective study was made on 77 patients with LP (49 cases of cutaneous LP - CLP, 28 cases of oral LP - OLP) who were diagnosed and treated in the dermatology department of Victor Babes Hospital for Infectious and Tropical Diseases. The quantification of certain urine metabolites in the spontaneous urine through reflectometric technique may reveal liver diseases (urobilinogen, bilirubin), kidney diseases (erythrocytes, proteins, albumin, creatinine, albumin/creatinine ratio, urine specific gravity, pH), metabolic disorders (glucose, ketones, pH, ascorbic acid) and urinary diseases (leucocyturia, nitrites, proteins, erythrocytes). The evaluation of the patients included clinical examination and laboratory and imaging tests. Among the investigated patients with LP we found: 16 cases of hepatic dysfunction (20.8%), 7 cases of renal dysfunction (9.1%), 11 cases of metabolic disorders (14.3%) and 14 cases of urinary tract infections (18.2%). No differences were found between patients with cutaneous and oral LP. The linear regression analysis revealed: positive association between concentrations of urobilinogen and bilirubin (r = 0.174, p = 0.044), negative association between albumin and creatinine (r = -0.316, p = 0.007), positive association between glucose and ketones (r = 0.266, p = 0.098) and positive association between leucocyturia and urine nitrite levels (r = 0.202, p = 0.050). Based on clinical and laboratory data, 85.7% of results obtained from urine biochemistry were confirmed. This analysis did not find any difference between patients with cutaneous and oral LP. By determining a full panel of urine metabolites through reflectometric analysis we were able to identify the main pathological changes in patients with LP.

Uric Acid and NT-proBNP as Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism

“…Similar findings Table 1 BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE STUDY POPULATION were reported by authors who have shown that although hypothyroid patients lack the stimulatory effect of thyroid hormones on BNP, the proinflammatory status and endothelins may stimulate NT-proBNP release in hypothyroid patients [3,21]. The data presented in our study do not refer to subclinical thyroid dysfunctions, the patients having pathological levels of both TSH and fT4 [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…Moreover, after the discovery of the general physiological and pathological responses to stress, both in case of negative and positive *email: scozma2005@yahoo.com; Phone: 0748 167030 #These authors contributed equally to this work and should be regarded as first author responses, the stress concept was involved in the pathogenesis of many morbid, endocrine, metabolic or cardiovascular conditions. Clinical and subclinical thyroid changes are accompanied by autoimmune phenomena that can contribute to worsening of cardiovascular reactions and dysregulation of other endocrine systems, such as the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis [10][11][12][13][14]. Cardiovascular laboratory parameters have been insufficiently studied in the presence of certain endocrine dysfunctions.…”

Potential pathogenic mechanisms involved in the association between lichen planus and hepatitis C virus infection (Review)

“…The trigger factors remain unknown. LP is associated with certain pathological conditions such as autoimmune diseases, malignancies, stress and viral infections, of which the most notable is HCV infection (9,12).…”

Photodynamic therapy: A hot topic in dermato-oncology (Review)

“…The most important risk factors involved in the development of precancerous skin lesions are exposure to UV radiation, immunosuppression, fair skin type and genetic predisposition (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”