Reflective mulch enhances ripening and health compounds in apple fruit

Overbeck, Verena; Schmitz-Eiberger, Michaela; Blanke, Michael

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6079

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Higher sunlight due to an 8-fold higher reflection caused by a reflective mulch resulted in higher concentrations of flavonoids and anthocyanins in apple fruit (Overbeck et al, 2013 ). Li and co-worker reported higher concentrations of quercetin glycosides independent of the glycosylated sugar moiety in sun-exposed peel of apple fruits (Li et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Light and Temperature on Gene Expression Leading to Accumulation of Specific Flavonol Glycosides and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica)

2016

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Light intensity and temperature are very important signals for the regulation of plant growth and development. Plants subjected to less favorable light or temperature conditions often respond with accumulation of secondary metabolites. Some of these metabolites have been identified as bioactive compounds, considered to exert positive effects on human health when consumed regularly. In order to test a typical range of growth parameters for the winter crop Brassica oleracea var. sabellica, plants were grown either at 400 μmol m−2 s−1 or 100 μmol m−2 s−1 at 10°C, or at 400 μmol m−2 s−1 with 5 or 15°C. The higher light intensity overall increased flavonol content of leaves, favoring the main quercetin glycosides, a caffeic acid monoacylated kaempferol triglycoside, and disinapoyl-gentiobiose. The higher temperature mainly increased the hydroxycinnamic acid derivative disinapoyl-gentiobiose, while at lower temperature synthesis is in favor of very complex sinapic acid acylated flavonol tetraglycosides such as kaempferol-3-O-sinapoyl-sophoroside-7-O-diglucoside. A global analysis of light and temperature dependent alterations of gene expression in B. oleracea var. sabellica leaves was performed with the most comprehensive Brassica microarray. When compared to the light experiment much less genes were differentially expressed in kale leaves grown at 5 or 15°C. A structured evaluation of differentially expressed genes revealed the expected enrichment in the functional categories of e.g. protein degradation at different light intensities or phytohormone metabolism at different temperature. Genes of the secondary metabolism namely phenylpropanoids are significantly enriched with both treatments. Thus, the genome of B. oleracea was screened for predicted genes putatively involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives. All identified B. oleracea genes were analyzed for their most specific 60-mer oligonucleotides present on the 2 × 105 K format Brassica microarray. Expression differences were correlated to the structure-dependent response of flavonoid glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives to alterations in either light or temperature. The altered metabolite accumulation was mainly reflected on gene expression level of core biosynthetic pathway genes and gave further hints to an isoform specific functional specialization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Light and Temperature on Gene Expression Leading to Accumulation of Specific Flavonol Glycosides and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica)

2016

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“…Anthocyanin accumulation and coloration of fruits are affected by many cultivation practices, such as the use of reflective mulches or bagging, that may change the light environment within the tree canopy and around individual fruits (Ju et al 1999;Huang et al 2009;Overbeck et al 2013). The contents of flavonoids such as anthocyanin, catechins and flavonols increased in the leaves of Phillyrea latifolia and sweet potato during leaf exposure to sunlight or a long-day photoperiod (Carvalho et al 2010;Tattini et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoperiod and shading regulate coloration and anthocyanin accumulation in the leaves of malus crabapples

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2015

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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In many ornamental plants, anthocyanin accumulation in leaves is a critical determinant of foliage coloration. However, the mechanism by which photoperiod and shading affect coloration and anthocyanin accumulation in the leaves of woody plants is less clear. By examining the leaves and calli of crabapple (Malus spp.) cultivars with different leaf color characteristics, we analyzed the foliage coloration, flavonoid contents, and expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and the McMYB10 transcription factor under different photoperiods and shading treatments. The red color parameters, flavonoid contents, and expression levels of some anthocyaninrelated genes in both the leaf and callus were generally higher under sun-exposure or long-day treatments compared to shading or short-day treatments. These data indicate that red color formation in cultivars with leaves that are naturally red requires a suitable photoperiod and light intensity; high light intensity or long-day conditions activate anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes, leading to anthocyanin accumulation. Our results also indicate that the regulation of anthocyanin biosynthetic metabolism in response to light conditions differs between red-leafed and green-leafed cultivars. Taken together, our data reveal that photoperiod and light intensity are important in the regulation of pigmentation and anthocyanin accumulation in crabapple leaves and calli. Moreover, we provide a useful approach for studying and inducing the production of flavonoids by crabapple callus culture under certain photoperiods.

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“…20,21 Furthermore, growth of the southern highbush cultivar O'Neal over reflective mulch increased the total phenol and total anthocyanin content of the fruit, 15 and similar results have been observed in other fruit crops such as strawberry, 16 grape 23 and apple. 24 An additional objective was therefore to determine whether reflective mulch had any impact on fruit quality, particularly as quality is an important factor for the fresh blueberry market, for which the vast majority of UK fruit is destined. Our data suggest that the use of reflective mulch could improve blueberry yield without negatively impacting fruit quality, indicating a potential management option for growers in the UK and other countries with similar environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits

et al. 2020

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BACKGROUND: In maritime growing environments, blueberry yield often exhibits excessive season-to-season variation, associated with poorly adapted photosynthetic responses to low light conditions. It is therefore necessary to develop methods that stabilise yield while maintaining or improving fruit quality. Here, we placed reflective mulch alongside plants at the early green fruit stage, to test the hypothesis that increasing the available seasonal light integral could enhance blueberry yield. We further determined several quality characteristics to ensure fruit marketability.RESULTS: Placement of mulch alongside plants reflected up to five times more light compared with bare ground, enhancing the amount of light reaching the canopy. This led to an adaptive increase of light saturated maximal photosynthetic rate of mulchtreated plants, resulting in a twofold increase in yield compared with control plants. Analysis of fruit quality characteristics showed that total soluble solids, sugars and organic acids were similar between treatments. Likewise, antioxidant capacity, total anthocyanin content and the content of individual anthocyanins did not change in response to reflective mulch treatment. CONCLUSIONS:The use of reflective mulch should be explored by industry as a cost-effective method for enhancing blueberry yield while maintaining fruit quality in maritime environments.

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Reflective mulch enhances ripening and health compounds in apple fruit

Abstract: Overall, the application of reflective mulches improved fruit quality in terms of better coloration and health compounds and accelerated ripening, leading to higher market value.

Cited by 28 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of Light and Temperature on Gene Expression Leading to Accumulation of Specific Flavonol Glycosides and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica)

Influence of Light and Temperature on Gene Expression Leading to Accumulation of Specific Flavonol Glycosides and Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives in Kale (Brassica oleracea var. sabellica)

Photoperiod and shading regulate coloration and anthocyanin accumulation in the leaves of malus crabapples

Reflective mulch increases fruit yield of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Darrow) grown in a northern maritime environment while maintaining key fruit quality traits

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