Reflections on End of Life: Comparison of American Indian and Non-Indian Peoples in South Dakota

Key features of palliative care service delivery to Indigenous peoples in Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States: a comprehensive review

“…of articles Collaboration Community Engagement X [ 14 , 28 ] X [ 22 ] X [ 24 , 26 ] X [ 6 , 23 , 25 , 27 ] 9 Family Engagement X [ 14 , 31 ] X [ 32 – 34 ] X [ 24 , 30 ] X [ 25 , 27 , 29 ] 10 Health Care Provider Collaboration X [ 28 ] None identified None identified X [ 25 ] 2 Service Delivery Funding X [ 14 , 37 ] None identified None identified X [ 6 , 23 , 25 ] 5 Communication X [ 14 , 31 , 37 ] X [ 33 , 34 , 42 ] X [ 24 , 26 , 65 ] X [ 6 , 23 ] 11 Policy Change X [ 37 ] ...…”

“…Furthermore, the need for more education and training for both the Indigenous communities and the health care staff in palliative care was identified repeatedly [ 2 , 6 , 14 , 22 – 27 , 30 , 32 , 35 – 40 ]. Health service providers (HSPs) need to be committed and spend sufficient time to gain the confidence of Indigenous patients and their families.…”

“…Family members generally wanted to be with their loved ones and to fulfil their wishes, including finding ways of enabling care and support to die at home. EOL care was regarded as a process that should involve the entire family, with several studies reporting that families should be at the centre of any decision-making process [ 24 , 26 , 27 , 30 , 31 , 44 ]. Community and/or extended family members gathering was regarded as significant and part of the process for how a dying person is prepared for death [ 35 ].…”

Insights From Health Care Professionals Regarding Palliative Care Options on South Dakota Reservations

“…Kitzes and Domer (2003) reported the formation of a palliative team with the Aberdeen Area IHS and the University of South Dakota; however, no further information could be located on this team or their results. Schrader, Nelson, and Eidsness (2009) completed a quantitative study seeking to understand EOL requests of NA/AIs living on SD reservations, comparing them to non-Indian residents. This study identified that many NA/AIs express distrust in health care providers’ ability to treat pain appropriately (Schrader et al, 2009).…”

Culturally Relevant Palliative and End-of-Life Care for U.S. Indigenous Populations: An Integrative Review

“…For more information, visit www.prisma-statement.org. a survey from South Dakota identified AI patients prefer not to initiate EOL discussions, but desire this to begin with their families (78%) over HCPs (28%) and clergy (28%; Schrader et al, 2009). When engaged in culturally respectful, palliative/EOL care conversations, HCPs must be more attuned to verbal and nonverbal cues, the pace and tone of the conversation, the words chosen by their native patients, framing questions appropriately, and speaking in third person (Baldridge, 2011;Domer & Kaur, 2008;Finke et al, 2004;Hampton, 2005;Hendrix, 2003;Kitzes, 2002;Marr et al, 2012).…”