“…The theme of mentoring relationships has been widely discussed in the literature from the perspectives of the developmental sequence or phases of mentoring (Chao, 1997;Gehrke, 1988aGehrke, , 1988bKram, 1983Kram, ,1985; differences between formal and informal mentoring (Chao, Walz, & Gardner, 1992;Fagenson-Eland, Marks, & Amendola, 1997;Gerstein, 1985;Noe, 1988;Redmond, 1990), mentoring with nondominant groups (Burke & McKeen, 1997;Dreher & Dougherty, 1997;Kalbfleisch & Davies, 1991;Mullen, 1997Mullen, ,1998Ragins, 1997;Wilson, 1988), and characteristics in both the mentor and the prot6g6 that promote positive mentoring (Allen et al, 1997;Noe, 1988;Parkay, 1988).…”