Reflections about Garfield’s algorithm

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the influence of the algorithm used on scholarly search engines (Garfield’s algorithm) and propose metrics to improve it so that science could be based on a more democratic way. Design/methodology/approach This paper used a snow-ball approach to collect data that allowed identifying the history and the logic behind the Garfield’s algorithm. It follows on excerpting the foundation of existing algorithm and databases of major scholarly search engine. It concluded proposing new metrics so as to surpass restraints and to democratize the scientific discourse. Findings This paper finds that the studied algorithm currently biases the scientific discourse toward a narrow perspective, while it should take into consideration several researchers’ characteristics. It proposes the substitution of the h-index by the number of times the scholar’s most cited work has been cited. Finally, it proposes that works in languages different than English should be included. Research limitations/implications The broad comprehension of any phenomena should be based on multiple perspectives; therefore, the inclusion of diverse metrics will extend the scientific discourse. Practical implications The improvement of the existing algorithm will increase the chances of contact among different cultures, which stimulate rapid progress on the development of knowledge. Originality/value The value of this paper resides in demonstrating that the algorithm used in scholarly search engines biases the development of science. If updated as proposed here, science will be unbiased and bias aware.

Teori kritis terhadap analisis sitasi untuk kajian kuantitatif sains dan evaluasi kinerja riset

“…Garfield (1983) yang menjadi pionir dalam analisis sitasi secara jelas menggunakan asumsi-asumsi positivisme dalam membangun konsepnya. Salah satunya bahwa analisis ini harus independen obyektif mengikuti norma sains yang dikemukan oleh Merton bahwa ras, kebangsaan, agama, kelas dan kualitas personal tidak ada relevansinya dengan perkembangan sains (Sinay, Sinay, Carter, & Martins, 2019).…”

Research methods in management: advances and applications

“…Finally, the last article of this special issue was written by Sinay, Sinay, Carter, and Martins (2019) and is a reflection about Garfield's algorithm. Under the metrics included in Garfield's algorithm, the works of male scholars who are primarily affiliated to highly developed countries where English is the official language tend to appear on the top of scholarly searches.…”