Reflectarray for 120-GHz beam steering application: design, simulations, and measurements

Tamminen, Aleksi; Ala‐Laurinaho, Juha; Gomes-Martins, David; Häkli, Janne; Koivisto, Päivi; Kärkkäinen, Mikko; Makela, S.; Pursula, Pekka; Rantakari, Pekka; Sipilä, Markku; Säily, Jussi; Tuovinen, Reijo; Varonen, Mikko; Halonen, K.; Luukanen, Arttu; Räisänen, Antti V.

doi:10.1117/12.924167

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Early attempts to beam-scanning at particularly high frequencies include the on-going effort to produce a MEMSbased reflectarray at 120 GHz [122]. However, such frequencies can be considered as an upper bound for the applicability of standard RF-MEMS technology, among others, because the MEMS elements become too electrical large to efficiently be integrated within the array unit cell.…”

Section: Towards Terahertz and Optical Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable Reflectarrays and Array Lenses for Dynamic Antenna Beam Control: A Review

Hum

Perruisseau‐Carrier

2014

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

755

413

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Abstract-Advances in reflectarrays and array lenses with electronic beam-forming capabilities are enabling a host of new possibilities for these high-performance, low-cost antenna architectures. This paper reviews enabling technologies and topologies of reconfigurable reflectarray and array lens designs, and surveys a range of experimental implementations and achievements that have been made in this area in recent years. The paper describes the fundamental design approaches employed in realizing reconfigurable designs, and explores advanced capabilities of these nascent architectures, such as multi-band operation, polarization manipulation, frequency agility, and amplification. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing future challenges and possibilities for these antennas.

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Section: Towards Terahertz and Optical Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconfigurable Reflectarrays and Array Lenses for Dynamic Antenna Beam Control: A Review

Hum

Perruisseau‐Carrier

2014

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

755

413

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“…Beam control terahertz and optical frequency transmitarrays become a potential candidate for many applications of the terahertz spectrum, such as wireless cognition, sensing, imaging, etc. An effort ha been put into terahertz MEMS switches for a reconfigurable reflectarray at 120 GHz frequency [116]. However, MEMS switches are electrically large elements that can easily be loaded with the array.…”

Section: Terahertz and Optical Frequenciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments and Challenges on Beam Steering Characteristics of Reconfigurable Transmitarray Antennas

et al. 2022

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This paper highlights recent developments and challenges on beam steering characteristics of reconfigurable transmitarray antennas. It introduces the operating principle of beam forming/beam steering high gain transmitarray antennas to enable the user to opt for economical and high performance solutions. A transmitarray antenna typically consists of a source antenna and a phase transformation structure. The incident waves generated from the source antenna is tilted using the phase transformation structure in a desired direction to steer the beam. Moreover, the phase transformation structure alters the incident wavefront to a plane wavefront using phase change characteristics. In order to steer a beam to a specific desired angle, it can be divided into two methods. There is a method of applying a transmitarray with a variable transmission phase change or a method of changing the shape of the wavefront of the source antenna. This type of beam forming/beam steering high gain antenna has been mainly studied from the point of view of high efficiency, low profile, and low cost. Several solutions of transmitarray unit cells have been presented in the literature, using PIN diodes, varactors, MEMS switches, and microfluids enable electronics to realize reconfigurable characteristics of transmitarray antennas. This paper analyzes the characteristics of various beam steering high gain reconfigurable transmitarrays (RTA) and highlights the future opportunities and challenges of the structure design for transmitarray antennas. This paper also highlights the challenges and gaps in terahertz and optical frequencies related to future work due to the structure complexity and lack of components’ availability. Moreover, the challenges and limitations related to multi-bit structures and dual-band requirements are presented.

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“…Several techniques have been proposed over the years to steer antenna's beam direction, including mechanical steering, beamforming , reflectarrays , or lens antennas . In particular, mechanical steering refers to manually turning the antenna to face the direction of interest, in general by means of electric motors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis for W‐band antenna alignment using accurate mechanical beam steering

Morales¹,

Rodríguez²,

Gallardo

et al. 2017

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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This article presents a study of antenna alignment impact on bit error rate for a wireless link between two directive W‐band horn antennas where one of them is mechanically steered by a Stewart platform. Such a technique is applied to find the optimal alignment between transmitter and receiver with an accuracy of 1° both in azimuth and elevation angles. The maximum degree of misalignment which can be tolerated is also reported for different values of optical power in the generation of W‐band signals by photonic up‐conversion. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:1125–1128, 2017

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Reflectarray for 120-GHz beam steering application: design, simulations, and measurements

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Reconfigurable Reflectarrays and Array Lenses for Dynamic Antenna Beam Control: A Review

Reconfigurable Reflectarrays and Array Lenses for Dynamic Antenna Beam Control: A Review

Recent Developments and Challenges on Beam Steering Characteristics of Reconfigurable Transmitarray Antennas

Performance analysis for W‐band antenna alignment using accurate mechanical beam steering

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