Reflectance Spectroscopy Study of Cd Contamination in the Sediments of the Changjiang River, China

Xia, Xue Qi; Mao, Yu Qian; Ji, Jun; Hong, Rui; Liao, Qi

doi:10.1021/es0624422

Cited by 44 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…(FT)NIRS has been used in a wide range of environmental applications, including the monitoring of river mining contamination [ Kemper and Sommer , ; Malley et al ., ; Persson et al ., ; Xia et al ., ], determining the composition of peat [ McTiernan et al ., ] and lake sediments [ Malley et al ., ], and the reconstruction of lake‐water chemistry (e.g., pH [ Korsman et al ., ]; pH, TP, and TOC [ Nilsson et al ., ]; TOC [ Rosén , ]) and climate [ Inagaki et al ., ; Rosén , ; Rosén et al ., ]. It has also been used, along with near ultraviolet and visible reflectance spectroscopy to examine TOC, carbonate, and opal content of marine sediments [ Balsam and Deaton , ; Chang et al ., ; Jarrard and Vanden Berg , ; Leach et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh resolution total organic carbon analysis using Fourier Transform Near Infrarred Reflectance Spectroscopy (FT‐NIRS)

Pearson

Juggins

Tyler

2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Fourier transform near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FT-NIRS) is a cheap, rapid, and nondestructive method for analyzing organic sediment components. Here, we examine the robustness of a within lake FT-NIRS calibration using a data set of almost 400 core samples from Lake Suigetsu, Japan, as a means to rapidly reconstruct % total organic carbon (TOC). We evaluate the best spectra pretreatment, examine different statistical approaches, and provide recommendations for the optimum number of calibration samples required for accurate predictions. Results show that the most robust method is based on first-order derivatives of all spectra modeled with partial least squares regression. We construct a TOC model training set using 247 samples and a validation test set using 135 samples (for test set R 2 5 0.951, RMSE 5 0.280) to determine TOC and illustrate the use of the model in an ultrahigh resolution (e.g., 1 mm/annual) study of a long sediment core from a climatically sensitive archive.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh resolution total organic carbon analysis using Fourier Transform Near Infrarred Reflectance Spectroscopy (FT‐NIRS)

Pearson

Juggins

Tyler

2014

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…Increasing interests were only shown in the geochemistry of major elements in the water of the Changjiang (Chen et al 2002;Hu et al 1982). Most studies on heavy metal pollution of Changjiang basin were mainly concerned with heavy metals' distributions in the estuary area and some polluted sections (Chen et al 2008;Zhang 1999;Xia et al 2007;Müller et al 2008;Shan et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and evaluation of the source of heavy metals in water of the River Changjiang

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Xu³

et al. 2010

Environ Monit Assess

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In order to analyze and evaluate different trace metals on surface water of the Changjiang River, concentrations of dissolved trace metals (Cu, Ni, Fe, Co, Sc, Al, Zn, Pb, Cd, Se, As, Cr, and Hg), major elements (Ca and Mg), and nutrient (NO3- were measured. Samples were taken at 76 positions along Changjiang River in flood and dry seasons during 2007-2008. Spatial distributions identified two main large zones mainly influenced by mineral erosion (sites 1-22) and anthropogenic action (sites 23-76), respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis were used to identify the variance distinguishing the origin of water. Four significant components were extracted by PCA, explaining 74.91% of total variable. Cu, Ni, Fe, Co, Sc, Al, Ca, and Mg were mainly associated with the weathering and erosion of various rocks and minerals, while an anthropogenic source was identified for Cd and As. Although erosion was one source of Pb and Zn, they were also input by atmospheric deposition and industrial pollutions. NO3- and Se were mainly associated with agriculture activities. However, Hg and Cr showed different sources. CA confirmed and completed the results obtained by PCA, classifying the data into two large groups representing different areas. Group 1 referred to the upper reaches which represented samples mainly corresponding to natural background areas. Group 2 referred to the middle and lower reaches including samples under anthropogenic influence. Meanwhile, group 2 was subdivided into three new groups, representing agricultural, industrial, and various artificial pollution sources, respectively.

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“…The content of metals in soil is strongly correlated with grain size, if metal input remains constant (Sharma et al, 1999). In soils, Fe-oxides are the main absorbers of heavy metals (Xia et al, 2007). High values of Fe concentration observed in the study area are suspected to be associated with the Fe accumulation because of desilification.…”

Section: Concentration and Distribution Of Metalsmentioning

confidence: 77%

The Effect of Aircraft Traffic Emissions on the Soil Surface Contamination Analysis around the International Airport in Delhi, India

Ray¹,

Khillare²,

Kim³

2012

Asian J. Atmos. Environ

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To investigate the effect of aircraft traffic emissions on soil pollution, metal levels were analyzed for 8 metals (Fe, Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn and Cd) from the vicinity of the Indira Gandhi International (IGI) airport in Delhi, India. The texture of the airport soil was observed to be sandy. Among the metals, Cd showed minimum concentration (2.07 μg g -1 ), while Fe showed maximum concentration (4379 μg g -1 ). The highest metal accumulation was observed at the landing site. Significant correlations were observed between metals and different textures (sand, silt, and clay) as well as with organic carbon (OC). The results indicate that grain size play a major role in OC retention in soil and subsequently helps in adsorption of metals in soil. Müller's geoaccumulation index (I-geo) showed that airport soil was contaminated due to Cd and Pb with the pollution class 2 and 1, respectively. Pollution load index of the airport site was 1.34-3 times higher than the background site. The results of factor analysis suggested that source of the soil metal is mainly from natural weathering of soil, aircraft exhaust, and automobile exhaust from near by area. With respect to Dutch target values, the airport soils showed~3 times higher Cd concentration. The study highlighted the future risk of enhanced metal pollution with respect to Cd and Pb due to aircraft trafficking.

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Reflectance Spectroscopy Study of Cd Contamination in the Sediments of the Changjiang River, China

Cited by 44 publications

References 12 publications

Ultrahigh resolution total organic carbon analysis using Fourier Transform Near Infrarred Reflectance Spectroscopy (FT‐NIRS)

Ultrahigh resolution total organic carbon analysis using Fourier Transform Near Infrarred Reflectance Spectroscopy (FT‐NIRS)

Analysis and evaluation of the source of heavy metals in water of the River Changjiang

The Effect of Aircraft Traffic Emissions on the Soil Surface Contamination Analysis around the International Airport in Delhi, India

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