Refining the pre-industrial atmospheric Pb isotope evolution curve in Europe using an 8000 year old peat core from NW Spain

Kylander, Malin E.; Weiss, Dominik; Cortizas, Antonio Martı́nez; Spiro, Baruch; García-Sánchez, Raquel; Coles, Barry J.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.024

Cited by 159 publications

(171 citation statements)

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“…5B). Finally, the Pb isotope ratios for the industrial period (>AD 1850) are much more depleted in (Rosman et al, 1997), European coal fuel combustion and incinerator fly ash (data source: Kylander et al, 2005), archeological artifacts (Spanish and English ingots; Labonne et al, 1998), and cinnabar for Almaden district (Higueras et al, 2005) are reported for comparison. Errors bars have been multiplied by 0.2.…”

Section: Isotopic Composition Of Pbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On Fig. 5B, the Meidsee Pb isotopic compositions are compared with potential lead sources: cinnabar from the Almaden district (Higueras et al, 2005), Spanish and English ingots representative of Pb extracted from those local ores during the first and second century, respectively (Labonne et al, 1998), Pb derived from the Harz Mountain ore bodies (Germany; Monna et al, 2000), and incinerator fly ash and European coal (data from Kylander et al, 2005). The Pb isotope systematics of Meidsee is therein separated into five chronostratigraphic units (Fig.…”

Section: Isotopic Composition Of Pbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Pre-) historic changes in natural and anthropogenic heavy metals deposition inferred from two contrasting Swiss Alpine lakes

Thevenon

Guédron

Chiaradia

et al. 2011

Quaternary Science Reviews

108

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a b s t r a c tContinuous high-resolution sedimentary record of heavy metals (chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg)), from lakes Lucerne and Meidsee (Switzerland), provides pollutant deposition history from two contrasting Alpine environments over the last millennia. The distribution of conservative elements (thorium (Th), scandium (Sc) and titanium (Ti)) shows that in absence of human disturbances, the trace element input is primarily controlled by weathering processes (i.e., runoff and erosion). Nonetheless, the enrichment factor (EF) of Pb and Hg (that are measured by independent methods), and the Pb isotopic composition of sediments from the remote lake Meidsee (which are proportionally more enriched in anthropogenic heavy metals), likely detect early mining activities during the Bronze Age. Meanwhile, the deposition of trace elements remains close to the range of natural variations until the strong impact of Roman activities on atmospheric metal emissions. Both sites display simultaneous increases in anthropogenic trace metal deposition during the Greek and Roman Empires (ca 300 BC to AD 400), the Late Middle Ages (ca AD 1400), and the Early Modern Europe (after ca AD 1600). However, the greatest increases in anthropogenic metal pollution are evidenced after the industrial revolution of ca AD 1850, at low and high altitudes. During the twentieth century, industrial releases multiplied by ca 10 times heavy metal fluxes to hydrological systems located on both sides of the Alps. During the last decades, the recent growing contribution of low radiogenic Pb further highlights the contribution of industrial sources with respect to wood and coal burning emissions.

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Section: Isotopic Composition Of Pbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Isotopic Composition Of Pbmentioning

confidence: 99%

(Pre-) historic changes in natural and anthropogenic heavy metals deposition inferred from two contrasting Swiss Alpine lakes

Thevenon

Guédron

Chiaradia

et al. 2011

Quaternary Science Reviews

108

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“…Lead isotope signatures from two mires (Swiss Jura: Shotyk et al, 1998Shotyk et al, , 2001and Galicia: Martinez-Cortizas et al, 2002;Kylander et al, 2005) are compared for the early Holocene in Fig. 5.…”

Section: Desert Dust Fluxes and Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been used commonly for lead isotopes Le Roux et al, 2005;Kylander et al, 2005) and also for Sr after mineral extraction (Sapkota, 2006) and Nd isotopes on a swamp core (Kamenov et al, 2009). …”

Section: Analytical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats

Chambers

Booth

Vleeschouwer

et al. 2012

Quaternary International

154

104

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OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. This is an author-deposited version published in : http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ Eprints ID : 11364 The Netherlands a b s t r a c t Peat, especially from acidic mires (bogs), is a natural archive of past environmental change. Reconstructions of past climate from bogs commenced in the 19th Century through examination of visible peat stratigraphy, and later formed the basis for a postglacial climatic scheme widely used in Northwest Europe. Nevertheless, misconceptions as to how bogs grow led to a 50-year lacuna in peat-climate study, before the concept of 'cyclic regeneration' in bogs was refuted. In recent decades, research using proxyclimate indicators from bogs has burgeoned. A range of proxies for past hydrological change has been developed, as well as use of pollen, bog oaks and pines and other data to reconstruct past temperatures. Most of this proxy-climate research has been carried out in Northern Europe, but peat-based research in parts of Asia and North America has increased, particularly during the last decade, while research has also been conducted in Australia, New Zealand and South America. This paper reviews developments in proxy-climate reconstructions from peatlands; chronicles use of a range of palaeo-proxies such as visible peat stratigraphy, plant macrofossils, peat humification, testate amoebae and non-pollen palynomorphs; and explains the use of wiggle-match radiocarbon dating and relationship to climate shifts. It details other techniques being used increasingly, such as biomarkers, stable-isotopes, inorganic geochemistry and estimation of dust flux; and points to new proxies under development. Although explicit protocols have been developed recently for research on ombrotrophic mires, it must be recognised that not all proxies and techniques have universal applicability, owing to differences in species assemblages, mire formation, topographic controls, and geochemical characteristics.

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“…For a number of years, they were also employed to determine the provenance of archaeological artefacts. Nowadays lead isotope ratios are widely used to trace pollution, for which it is necessary to know the isotope ratios of a possible emission source (Renberg et al, 2002;Flament et al, 2002;Martinez Cortizas et al, 2002, Chen et al, 2005, Kylander et al, 2005. Data on lead isotope ratios for different ores and pollution sources, including some coals, are already available in the literature (Sugden et al, 1993;Walraven et al, 1997;Farmer et al, 1999;Weiss et al, 1999 and2002;Mukai et al, 2001;Chen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead isotope ratios in Spanish coals of different characteristics and origin

Dı́az-Somoano

Suárez‐Ruíz

Alonso

et al. 2007

International Journal of Coal Geology

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Lead isotope ratios in coals of different rank from several Spanish basins were estimated and related with their characteristics. The isotope 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratio values of the coals studied range between 1.13-1.21, with the exception of some coal samples from the Cretaceous which are more radiogenic. Coals were classified into groups according to their lead isotope ratios. These in turn were related to the isotope ratios of the minerals galena, pyrite, chalcopyrite, and carbonates. Some of the low-rank coals, in which lead might be expected to be associated to the organic matter, were not found to be related with isotope ratios of minerals. The isotope ratios of the individual densimetric fractions separated from a bituminous coal are different to those of the raw coal. The differences between these isotope ratios may not only be due to the diverse origin of lead in different coals, but also to the possible presence of several lead species incorporated from various sources in a particular coal. The results of this work represent an important contribution to the lead isotope ratio database essential for the accurate interpretation of data regarding pollution sources.

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Refining the pre-industrial atmospheric Pb isotope evolution curve in Europe using an 8000 year old peat core from NW Spain

Cited by 159 publications

References 61 publications

(Pre-) historic changes in natural and anthropogenic heavy metals deposition inferred from two contrasting Swiss Alpine lakes

(Pre-) historic changes in natural and anthropogenic heavy metals deposition inferred from two contrasting Swiss Alpine lakes

Development and refinement of proxy-climate indicators from peats

Lead isotope ratios in Spanish coals of different characteristics and origin

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