Refining of Fish Oil from Fish Meal Processing By-product Using Zeolite and Bleaching Earth

Abstract

As a by-product of the fish meal processing by-product industry, fish oil is a material that has the potential to be reused if it undergoes further processing. What can be done is the bleaching process. This study aims to determine the quality of fish oil before and after the addition of adsorbent, obtain information on the best bleaching process conditions, determine the effect of the best type and concentration of adsorbent on the quality of fish oil, obtain the best adsorbent and concentration. Crude fish oil is weighed and heated. Then, when the temperature has reached 55-60 °C, adsorbents with various concentrations are added. The oil was then reheated and stirred at 80 °C for 30 minutes. After that, the oil was centrifuged at 6500 rpm for 20 minutes. The best type and adsorbent for the bleaching process was obtained using zeolite adsorbent with a concentration of 5%. The interaction of adsorbent type and concentration significantly affected each test parameter of yield, density, viscosity, free fatty acid content, acid number, peroxide number, total oxidation number, and p-anisidine number on the quality of fish oil.

Physicochemical and Fatty Acid Profile of Refined Tuna Fish Oil By-Product from Canning and Meal Fish Industries

“…Zeolite is more polar than the other 2 adsorbents, bentonite, and activated charcoal; hence, it can absorb pollutants more. In addition, zeolite had a higher SiO2 content, significantly affecting adsorption [44,45]. The neutralized oil from canning by-products had a viscosity value of 39 cPs, and after bleaching, it dropped to a range of 24.50 -36.50 cPs, as shown in Figure 2.…”

“…Comparing fish oil from by-products of canning to fish oil from the fish meal process, the average viscosity value of CP was greater. High viscosity values represent the proportion of fatty acids with long chains, particularly those with high double bonds, where CP oil consists of more unsaturated fatty acids [45]. The resultant viscosity in all adsorbents lessened along with the increase of adsorbent concentration (Figure 2) due to the enormous number of significant holes in adsorbents increasing the materials' capacity to absorb the impurities [46].…”

Purifikasi Minyak Mata Tuna Kaya DHA (Thunnus sp.) dengan Variasi Adsorben

“…Bilangan asam menunjukkan persentase penurunan 72% setelah pemutihan menggunakan magnesol (Gambar 3B). Bilangan asam menunjukkan banyaknya asam lemak bebas yang terkandung dalam minyak dengan menghitung berdasarkan berat molekul asam lemak atau campuran asam lemak (Tandewi & Hambali, 2021). Bilangan asam yang rendah menunjukkan kesegaran minyak sedangkan semakin tinggi nilai bilangan asam berkaitan dengan ketengikan yang disebabkan oleh hidrolisis ikatan ester dan oksidasi ikatan rangkap obligasi (Das et al, 2016).…”

“…signifikan sebesar 80% pada proses pemutihan menggunakan magnesol, penurunan 38% dan 37% setelah pemutihan menggunakan bentonit dan zeolit (Gambar 3C (Suseno et al, 2014;Budiadnyani et al, 2020;Tandewi & Hambali, 2021).…”