Reference intervals for hematology test parameters from apparently healthy individuals in southwest Ethiopia

Abstract

Background:Clinical laboratory reference intervals are an important tool to identify abnormal laboratory test results. The generating of hematological parameters reference intervals for local population is very crucial to improve quality of health care, which otherwise may lead to unnecessary expenditure or denying care for the needy. There are no well-established reference intervals for hematological parameters in southwest Ethiopia.Objective:To generate hematological parameters reference intervals for apparently healthy individuals in southwest Ethiopia.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving 883 individuals from March to May 2017. Four milliliter of blood sample was collected and transported to Jimma University Medical Center Laboratory for hematological analysis and screening tests. A hematological parameters were measured by Sysmex XS-500i hematology analyzer (Sysmex Corporation Kobe, Japan). The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20 statistical software. The non-parametric independent Kruskal–Wallis test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Mann–Whitney U test) were used to compare the parameters between age groups and genders. The 97.5 percentile and 2.5 percentile were the upper and lower reference limit for the population.Results:The reference interval of red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet count in children were 4.99 × 1012/L (4.26–5.99 × 1012/L), 7.04 × 109/L (4.00–11.67 × 109/L), and 324.00 × 109/L (188.00–463.50 × 109/L), respectively. The reference interval of red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet count in adults was 5.19 × 1012/L (4.08–6.33 × 1012/L), 6.35 × 109/L (3.28–11.22 × 109/L), and 282.00 × 109/L (172.50–415.25 × 109/L), respectively. The reference interval of red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet count in geriatrics were 5.02 × 1012/L (4.21–5.87 × 1012/L), 6.21 × 109/L (3.33–10.03 × 109/L), and 265.50 × 109/L (165.53–418.80 × 109/L), respectively. Most of the hematological parameters showed significant differences across all age groups.Conclusion:Most of the hematological parameters in this study showed differences from similar studies done in the country. This study provided population-specific hematological reference interval for southwest Ethiopians. Reference intervals should also be established in the other regions of the country.

Hematological reference intervals for adult population of Dire Dawa town, East Ethiopia

“…Significantly higher PLT count in females than males (310 vs 279 x10 9 /L) in our study is consistent with previous reports from Oman, Thailand, Zimbabwe and Mali [ 11 – 14 ]; and studies conducted in Ethiopia [ 19 , 20 , 26 ]. Females have lower total body iron storage but higher estrogen level, which favours stimulation of higher platelet production than males [ 25 ].…”

“…We also found higher median WBC count in females than males (6.8 vs 5.9x10 9 /L)which is consistent with a report from southern Taiwan [ 25 ]. On the other hand, the RI for WBC count is comparable with studies conducted in Ethiopia, like Debremarkos and Bahdar [ 19 , 22 ]; however, differences was noted in comparison to studies conducted in Southwest Ethiopia [ 20 ], The observed differences could be attributed to methodological differences to some extent although differences in prevalence of infections among the different populations cannot be ruled out. The current study, however, has used stringent exclusion criteria both at enrolment and during data analysis.…”

Assessment of Hematologic and Biochemical Parameters for Healthy Commercial Pigs in China

“…So far, most information about hematologic and biochemical RIs for pigs pertain to European and North American swine breeds [ 16 , 17 , 18 ]. The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) suggests that hematologic and biochemical RIs should be established for each geographical area and specific region’s population, since RIs may vary according to location, environment, breed, age, sex, nutrition, and test method [ 16 , 19 ]. It is possible that adopting hematologic and biochemical RIs from non-local data may lead to the misidentification of underlying diseases and the mismanagement of health conditions.…”

29-kDa: A Potential Candidate for Anti-Tick Vaccine Antigen Source as Immunogenic and Stage Reactive Targeting Hard-Bodied Hyalomma Ticks Ixodidae

“…We ensured to follow the standard operating procedures for current experiment (Bimerew et al 2018). Hematological analysis was carried out using automatic hematology analyzer (XS-500i-Sysmex Europe GmBH) and were also compared with standard hematological parameters described in Schalm's Equine Hematology (Walton 2013).…”