Reference intervals for HbA1c partitioned for gender and age: a multicenter study

Pieri, Massimo; Pignalosa, Stefano; Zenobi, Rossella; Callà, Cinzia Anna Maria; Martino, Francesca Gabriela; Menichella, G; Mancina, F; Moscato, Umberto; Nocca, Giuseppina; Khashoggi, H; Bernardini, Sergio; Dessì, M.P.; Daniele, Nicola Di

doi:10.1007/s00592-016-0932-3

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It is difficult to explain why increasing age and female sex were independently associated with relatively higher HbA1c concentration in our cohort, although HbA1c has previously been observed to increase with age in people without diabetes. 13 There did not appear to be a relationship between hemoglobin concentration and the disparity between estimated and actual HbA1c in the subset of individuals where a contemporaneous hemoglobin concentration was available. Heterogeneity in mean red blood cell age has been associated with clinically meaningful variation in HbA1c, 14 although no evidence exists to suggest an effect of age or gender upon this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

HbA1c Is Disproportionately Higher in Women and Older People With Type 1 Diabetes Compared With Flash Glucose Monitoring Metrics of Glycemic Control

Stimson

Dover

Forbes

et al. 2020

J Diabetes Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: Discrepancy between HbA1c and glucose exposure may have significant clinical implications. We sought to assess predictors of disparity between HbA1c and flash monitoring metrics and how these relate to microvascular complications. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of adults with type 1 diabetes ( n = 518). We assessed the relationship between clinic HbA1c and flash monitoring metrics, predictors of discrepancy between these measurements, and whether discrepancy was associated with microvascular complications. Results: Actual HbA1c and estimated HbA1c were strongly correlated ( r = .779, P < .001). The likelihood of having a higher actual HbA1c than estimated HbA1c was greater with increasing age (OR = 1.055 per year, P < .001) and lower in men (OR = .208, P < .001). HbA1c was significantly lower in men (58 mmol/mol [51-67]) (7.5% [6.8-8.3]) compared to women (61 mmol/mol [54-70], P = .021) (7.7% [7.1-8.6]), despite no significant differences in any flash monitoring metrics. Whereas HbA1c was not different between younger (≤39 years) and older individuals (>39 years) despite significantly higher glucose exposure, in younger people, based on multiple flash monitoring metrics. Having a lower estimated than actual HbA1c was independently associated with a lower prevalence of retinopathy (OR = .55, P = .004). Conclusions: HbA1c appears to overestimate glucose exposure in women and older people with type 1 diabetes. This has potentially important clinical implications, as is hinted at by the independent relationship with retinopathy prevalence. It may also be of relevance when considering the use of HbA1c for the diagnosis of diabetes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

HbA1c Is Disproportionately Higher in Women and Older People With Type 1 Diabetes Compared With Flash Glucose Monitoring Metrics of Glycemic Control

Stimson

Dover

Forbes

et al. 2020

J Diabetes Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In recommendations from many diabetes societies, an HbA 1c value of 39-48 mmol/mol Hb (5.7-6.4 %) is referred to as "prediabetes" (see ▶ tab. 4 for age dependence of the HbA 1c value).…”

Section: Impaired Glucose Tolerancementioning

confidence: 99%

Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus

Schleicher

Gerdes

Petersmann

et al. 2022

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diabetes mellitus is the collective term for heterogeneous metabolic disorders whose main finding is chronic hyperglycaemia. The cause is either a disturbed insulin secretion or various grades of insulin resistance or usually both. ClassificationType 1 diabetes ▪ β-cell destruction that leads to an absolute insulin deficiency due to autoimmune ß-cell destruction, ▪ Checkpoint inhibitor-induced diabetes, ▪ Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): a type of diabetes which usually slowly develops at an older age, classified as type 1 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes▪ Can range from a predominant insulin resistance with a relative insulin deficiency to a largely secretory defect with insulin resistance. ▪ Is often associated with other diseases (hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), fatty liver, depression).

show abstract

“…The average HbA1c values for each age and gender group were substantially similar, although slightly higher in males. The HbA1c mean values of girls, compared to the adult females [3] is almost constant, this finding suggests that HbA1c, during the life of women, increases only in case of pre-diabetic state and/or diabetic disease. In males, on the other hand, the mean HbA1c remains constant up to 45 years old, increasing over the years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Most often, the disease is diagnosed around the age of 13-14 years, with an earlier onset in girls, suggesting that physiological insulin resistance during puberty may play an important role in this population [1]. In this context, as a part of a multicentric study to determine the reference values of Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in a young healthy population [3], we analysed paediatric subjects to describe HbA1c trend by gender and age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2019

BJSTR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a pathological condition that is increasingly more frequent in children and adolescents. The reasons for the onset of T2DM are the increasing levels of obesity and physical inactivity, with a consequent risk of developing metabolic disorders in early adulthood and a significant economical burden on public health. In this context, as part of a multicentric study to determine the reference values of Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the healthy population, we analysed 157 samples of healthy paediatric subjects to describe HbA1c trends by gender and age. Whole blood samples were collected in K2-EDTA tubes, stored at -80°C and subsequently analysed by capillary electrophoresis. There were no significant differences in children HbA1c average values according to age groups for the same gender, however we observed HbA1c average concentration was significantly higher in males than females in age group 10-14 years (p < 0.05). The results of this study probably reflect the transient change in insulin sensitivity at onset of puberty. HbA1c measurement is not sufficient for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, but it could help paediatricians for early detection of the disease in children, together with the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). The results underline a statistical significance in the paediatric age group in which the onset of diabetes mellitus is most common.

show abstract

Reference intervals for HbA1c partitioned for gender and age: a multicenter study

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

HbA1c Is Disproportionately Higher in Women and Older People With Type 1 Diabetes Compared With Flash Glucose Monitoring Metrics of Glycemic Control

HbA1c Is Disproportionately Higher in Women and Older People With Type 1 Diabetes Compared With Flash Glucose Monitoring Metrics of Glycemic Control

Definition, Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus

Untitled

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About