Reference distributions for immunoglobulins A, G, and M: A comparison of a large cohort to the world's literature

Abstract

Clinical interpretation of immunoglobulin measurements requires accurate and precise assays and widely accepted reference preparations, as well as reliable age- and gender-specific reference ranges. This last requirement, the topic of numerous publications, has not been addressed adequately. By a combination of computerized and hand searching of the literature from 1961 to 1997, we identified 109 publications presenting IgA, IgG, and/or IgM reference data in healthy individuals. After eliminating studies that lacked appropriate clinical, statistical, or reference material information, data from the 17 acceptable studies were converted to a common reference material, CRM 470/RPPHS. When median levels from our recently published large cohort study are superimposed on these published medians, they fall within the ranges of reported medians. The widths of published 95 percentile reference ranges (where each individual's health was verified) were also found to agree closely with the reference range widths found in our data (where inclusion was based on the reported diagnosis). The current combined study of narrowly applied reference ranges validates our recently published age- and gender-specific reference data for immunoglobulinsA, G, and M. Those new data can now be considered as a source of reliable reference ranges to be used by laboratories when interpreting immunoglobulin measurements.

Altered immunoglobulin profiles in children with Tourette syndrome

“…The levels of Ig isotypes in healthy control subjects are within the range of previously reported results (Ritchie et al, 1998). The decrease in IgG3 and IgM that we observed in patients with TS does not correspond to fully expressed immunoglobulin deficiencies (defined as a decrease of two standard deviations below the appropriate age mean levels).…”

Differential gender effects of a reduced‐calorie diet on systemic inflammatory and immune parameters in nonhuman primates

“…These results suggest a gender‐specific differentiation of responses oriented towards a potentially destructive inflammatory response in males vs. a protective adaptive immune response in females. This type of observation has a basis in existing data demonstrating inherent gender‐based variations in levels of immunoglobulins (88–90) and other host response biomarkers (91,92). Subsequent studies, implementing a longitudinal, prospective design creating a ligature‐induced periodontal challenge in these animals, should help to clarify the dynamics of the relationship of periodontal disease with these response profiles.…”

Normal Value of Immunoglobulins IgA, IgG, and IgM in Iranian Healthy Adults, Measured by Nephelometry

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]21,22] However, some of those surveys have been cited as sources in international medical books. In clinical immunology, known immune system components and their normal values are very critical.…”

“…[1] Levels of immunoglobulins may vary by gender and race, although these differences are generally not clinically significant; but, a knowledge of local reference values is important. One of the wonders of the immune system is its ability to produce antibodies of essentially similar structure, but with enormous diversity to react with antigens.…”