Reference-compensated biosensing using a dual-channel surface plasmon resonance sensor system based on a planar lightpipe configuration

Present and future of surface plasmon resonance biosensors

“…Two important representatives of this trend are: development of laboratory SPR sensor platforms with a large number of sensing channels for high-throughput screening applications and development of mobile SPR sensor platforms for analysis of complex samples in the field. In traditional multichannel SPR sensors, SPWs were excited via a prism coupler in multiple areas which were arranged perpendicularly to the direction of propagation of SPWs; angular [23] or spectral [24] distribution of reflected light was analyzed to yield information about the measurand in each channel. While this spectroscopic approach led to development of high-performance SPR sensing devices [23], the number of sensing channels which could be realized using this approach was rather limited (<10).…”

“…The traditional approach consisted in simultaneous SPR measurements in two sensing channels containing different biomolecular recognition element coatings, one with (signal channel) and one without (reference channel) affinity for the analyte, and subtraction of the reference channel response from that of the signal channel [24]. Recently, a new approach to multichannel SPR sensing has been developed which is based on excitation of surface plasmons in different sensing channels at different wavelengths and encoding information from different sensing channels into different regions of the light spectrum.…”

Multichannel surface plasmon resonance biosensor with wavelength division multiplexing

“…Recent years have witnessed intensive research effort towards increasing the number of sensing channels to introduce benefits of SPR biosensor technology to multianalyte detection and highly parallelized biomolecular interaction analysis. Numerous approaches in multichannel SPR sensor development have been demonstrated to date [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In these sensors, changes in SPR condition were determined by measuring variations in light intensity (SPR sensors with intensity modulation) or spectrum (SPR sensors based on surface plasmon spectroscopy).…”

“…In this approach, light beams exciting surface plasmons in a row of sensing channels are interrogated independently to determine SPR changes in each channel. In SPR biosensors with wavelength modulation, spectral analysis of multiple light beams is performed by multiple spectrographs [3] or by using an optical switch routing light from multiple channels at single spectrograph [13] (time multiplexing). Alternative approach to multiplexing of parallel sensing channels is the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) by means of a thin dielectric overlayer [14].…”

A new surface plasmon resonance sensor for high-throughput screening applications

“…In traditional multichannel SPR sensors, surface plasmons are excited in multiple areas and spectral (Nenninger et al, 1998) or angular (Löfås et al, 1991) distribution of reflected light is analyzed using separate detectors (Nenninger et al, 1998) or different areas of single detector (Löfås et al, 1991). The number of sensing channels in spectral SPR sensors can be further increased by using the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique in which surface plasmons in different sensing channels are excited at different wavelengths (Homola et al, 1999(Homola et al, , 2001.…”