Reference and Techniques used in Alveolar Bone Classification

Abstract

The marginal bone loss that usually observed around dental implant has been well documented and expected. It has related with self-reaction to the forensic body of each patient as well as the osseointegrated interface. Bone quantity and quality of the implant site may help to define the implant-bone interface, which in turn affects primary stability of the immediate implant placement. Analysis of bone quality prior to surgery provides vital information during treatment planning for dental implant. Additionally, it helps in predicting postsurgical success. The classification of bone quality, however, is difficult to follow clinically, as tactile assessments are subject to the variation among surgeons. Although imaging techniques, such as computed tomography (CT) or cone bean computed tomography (CBCT), are useful to determine bone quality, the exposure to radiation and its precision, are still of concern. This paper reviews common techniques and reference used in dental bone classification as well as the recent reports from histomorphometric analysis and molecular components. It is well acknowledged that clinical awareness of evaluating the amounts of bone surrounding the implant site by appropriate method is critical for a successful outcome.

To Evaluate the Influence of Different Implant Thread Designs on Stress Distribution of Osseointegrated Implant: A Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Analysis Study–An In Vitro Study

“…Since the bone around implant must react to stresses and strains generated by occlusal loads, bone with poor quality could more easily fail to withstand these loads. 4 FEA has become an increasingly useful tool for the prediction of effects of stress in the implant and its surrounding bone loads which are transferred from implants to surrounding bone depends on various factors like bone implant interface, type of loading, implant design, the shape and characteristics of implant surface, prosthesis type, quantity and quality of surrounding bone. FEA is a method in which instead of seeking a solution function for entire domain, one formulates the solution functions for each finite element and combines them properly to obtain a solution to the whole body.…”

Reliability of Using Texture Analysis of Periapical Radiographs Obtained Using Radiovisiography for Assessing Bone Quality in Dental Implant Planning: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Under the Trisi and Rao classification [ 18 ], the grouping was done by correlating hand-assessed bone quality to the histomorphometric bone density into dense, normal, and soft groups. The UCLA classification [ 19 ] also has 4 types to it based on the amount and pattern of the edentulous alveolar bone in a 3-D configuration. Under Type I, it is deemed that optimum bone is present in the height and width dimensions, making it ideal for placing implants.…”

“…Moreover, the Lekholm and Zarb classification is based on conventional radiography and histology components but it is ambiguous as to whether the evaluation of radiographs was conducted during or preceding the surgery. It has also been noted that the classification’s accuracy level was on the lower side, especially when classifying the sparse trabeculation of the mandible [ 19 ].…”

Surface structure characteristics of dental implants and their potential changes following installation: a literature review

“…The Misch classification of bone density separates and categorizes four sections of the human jawbone. ( Tables 2 , 3 ) Furthermore, the density based on computed tomography scan is in Hounsfield units and can be used to quantify bone quality 49 , 50 . The bone type influences the design, drilling process, and insertion torque of dental implants.…”