To Evaluate the Influence of Different Implant Thread Designs on Stress Distribution of Osseointegrated Implant: A Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Analysis Study–An In Vitro Study

Abstract

Introduction Dental implants are common treatment modality for tooth loss which leads to unaesthetic appearance and may also cause deterioration of mastication and speech. The aim of implant therapy in dentistry is to restore tissue contour, function, comfort, aesthetic, and speech. Dental implant role is to transfer the mechanical force created during chewing to the supporting osseous tissues within the mandible and maxilla. The importance of biomechanical factors such as the bone-implant interface, implant thread design, the length and diameter of implants, type of loading, the quality and quantity of surrounding bone have been strained by various authors. The selection of implant thread design plays an important role in the outcome of the treatment. This study was done to evaluate the influence of different thread designs on stress distribution of osseointegrated implant using three-dimensional (3D) finite-element analysis. Materials and Methods Three implants with different thread designs, namely V-thread, buttress, and reverse buttress thread designs were considered and dimensions were standardized. The site considered was the mandibular molar region with cortical and cancellous bone assuming to be isotropic and homogeneous. The implant modeling was done with the ANSYS 18.1 software. Axial load (100N) and buccolingual load (50N) were applied. The stresses were calculated as Von Mises stress criterion. Results Minimum von mises Stress concentration was seen for tapered implant body with reverse buttress thread design under axial load 100N and tapered implant body with V-thread under buccolingual load of 50N at cortical bone which signifies bone preservation. Stress levels were observed maximum at implant and minimum at the cancellous bone. Conclusion Hence, within the limitations of this study the results obtained can be applied clinically for appropriate selection of implant thread design for a predictable success of implant therapy. AbstractKeywords ► dental implant ► FEA study ► implant thread ► stress analysis ► von mises stress

To evaluate and compare the stress distribution pattern in the crestal bone around implants with various thread designs

“…They showed that square thread implants had more favourable stress and strain distribution thus improving bone remodeling. The present study showed analogous results to previous research conducted by Sharma C et al (2020) 25 who showed that least amount of von mises Stress concentration was obtained by tapered implant body with reverse buttress thread design under axial load 100N and tapered implant body with V-thread under buccolingual load of 50N at cortical bone thus denoting bone conservation.…”

Can patients detect peri‑implant mucosal inflammation? Results from a multicentre randomized trial

“…Maximum stress has been observed at the cortical bone, compared to the cancellous bone. [102,103] Through finite element analysis, a minimum Von Mises stress concentration was observed for tapered implant bodies with a reverse buttress thread design under an axial load of 100N, which signifies bone preservation. [102]…”

“…[101] The bone around the implant structure must withstand occlusal stress and strain since implants placed in bone with poor quality might fail more easily. [102] The direct anchorage of implants to bone also may raise some biomechanical issues. In natural teeth, the periodontal ligament allows the tooth to move and distributes occlusal forces, thus minimizing stress accumulation.…”

“…Micro design consists of implant material and surface morphology. [102,103,114] Dental implants are designed to attain primary mechanical stability in the bone and to stimulate a strong bone-implant interface over time through osseointegration (i.e., secondary stability). The implant design affects the long-term biomechanical properties at the interface and is responsible for the success or failure of the implant.…”

Evaluate the effect of bone density variation on stress distribution at the bone–implant interface using numerical analysis

“…Through a process known as osseointegration, cancellous bone cells and biocompatible implant metal bond together and progressively blend with the surrounding bone to produce a strong connection in the human body. 1 This improves the stability at tissue–implant interface and ensures high probability of clinical success. Several research studies have attributed the failure of dental implants to poor bone density.…”