REE-Th mineralization in the Se-Chahun magnetite-apatite ore deposit, central Iran: Interplay of magmatic and metasomatic processes

Mirzababaei, Gholamreza; Yazdi, Mohammad; Behzadi, Mohammad Hassan; Rezvanianzadeh, Mohammad Reza

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104426

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The calculated stable isotopic compositions of Th-REE-forming fluids in equilibrium with calcite and actinolite reflect the composition of magmatic waters (Figures 7 and 8), like Se-Chahun IOA and Saghand Anomaly 5 deposits (Deymar et al, 2018;Mirzababaei et al, 2021) (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…New apatite U–Pb ages confirm that the IOA deposits in the Bafq district formed contemporaneously with Early Cambrian magmatic (−metasomatic) events (Stosch, Romer, Daliran, & Rhede, 2011). Th–REE mineralization is reported in Na–Ca metasomatized rocks associated with magnetite–apatite ores in some IOA deposits of the Bafq district (Deymar et al, 2018; Khoshnoodi et al, 2017; Mirzababaei, Yazdi, Behzadi, & Rezvanianzadeh, 2021). Deymar et al (2018) proposed a magmatic origin for the Ti–REE–Y–U–Th mineralization in the Saghand Anomaly 5 based on geochemical investigations and stable isotopic data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deymar et al (2018) proposed a magmatic origin for the Ti-REE-Y-U-Th mineralization in the Saghand Anomaly 5 based on geochemical investigations and stable isotopic data. According to Mirzababaei et al (2021), Th-REE mineralization at the Se-Chahun deposit occurs within both the Fe-P ores and the younger brecciated units. They proposed that the Se-Chahun deposit, like some other iron ore deposits in the Bafq district is a magmatic ore system, which is metasomatized by Na-Ca metasomatizing fluids.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Formation and evolution of Th–REE mineralizing fluids at the Kiruna‐type Choghart iron oxide–apatite deposit, Central Iran: Insights from fluid inclusions and H‐C‐O isotopes

et al. 2022

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The Choghart iron oxide–apatite (IOA) deposit is one of the largest iron mines of the Bafq district in Central Iran. This deposit is hosted by the Early Cambrian rhyolites, and diabase dikes crosscut both host rocks and the ore bodies. The Choghart rhyolites erupted in a continental arc setting, while the Choghart diabase dikes formed in a back‐arc basin environment. Thorite, minor titanite, and REE‐oxide are the main hosts of Th and REEs. The mineralogy and geochemistry support that the Th–REE mineralization formed at relatively reduced conditions. The presence of calcite accompanied by thorite and titanite suggests that Th and REE probably migrated as carbonate complexes in the mineralizing hydrothermal fluids. Microthermometric data of calcite associated with thorite indicate that the salinity of the ore‐forming fluids varies from 20 to 30 wt% NaCl equivalent with temperature estimates between 300 and 370°C. The narrow range of homogenization temperature and low salinities of the fluid inclusions imply the presence of only one fluid phase in the Th–REE mineralization. The calcite δ13CPDB (−3.9 to −4.1‰) and δ18OSMOW (6.6–7.0‰) support a magmatic source for the ore‐forming fluids. Actinolite δD (5.55–6.72‰) and δ18O (−100.8 to −82.4‰) also suggest a magmatic source of the ore‐forming fluids. Microthermometric data imply that fluid–rock interaction and cooling were critical factors triggering the thorite precipitation at Choghart IOA deposit. Stable isotopic data indicate that post‐magmatic fluids derived from rhyolitic magmas played a significant role in the Th–REE mineralization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation and evolution of Th–REE mineralizing fluids at the Kiruna‐type Choghart iron oxide–apatite deposit, Central Iran: Insights from fluid inclusions and H‐C‐O isotopes

et al. 2022

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“…Based on the mineralogical, geochemical and field evidences, carbonate complexes are the main candidates for transportation of thorium in a magmatic fluid. The average content of ΣREE in the Th mineralisation zone is about 255.84 ppm and Th content ranges between 23.2 and 2445 ppm (Mirzababaei et al 2021) This shows that in Se-Chahun deposit, unlike Choghart and Chahgaz deposits, in the thorium mineralisation zone, the enrichment of rare earth elements is not significant.…”

Section: Th Mineralisationmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In addition, the data of other deposits (Esfordi, Gazestan, Chadormalu, Se-Chahun and Saghand Anomaly No.5) were obtained from previous studies in the Bafq district (Ramezani and Tucker 2003;Jami 2005;Jami et al 2007;Bonyadi et al 2011;Hafezian and Jamali 2015;Sabet Mobarhan Talab et al 2015;Heidarian et al 2017;Majidi et al 2017;Deymar et al 2018;Heidarian et al 2018;Sepehrirad et al 2018;Mirzababaei et al 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy of various types of Th-U-REE mineralisation in the iron oxide – apatite deposits of the Bafq district, Central Iran

Khoshnoodi

Ziapour

Yazdi

et al. 2022

Applied Earth Science

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The Bafq district, well-known in the world, is the most important iron province in Central Iran. The Early Cambrian volcano-sedimentary sequence in this district, hosts a lot of mineral deposits such as Kiruna-type iron oxide-apatite (IOA), Fe-Mn exhalative and Pb-Zn SEDEX types. Th-U-REE mineralisation in the Bafq IOA deposits occurs in a variety of element associations, (i) REE-P mineralisation as apatite hosting REE-mineral inclusions, (ii) Th-REE mineralisation as Th-REE minerals (e.g. REE-bearing thorite and titanite), (iii) thorium mineralisation as thorium minerals (e.g. thorite and huttonite), (iv) U-REE mineralisation as U-REE minerals (e.g. uraninite and cleveite) and (v) REE-U-Th mineralisation as REE-U-Th minerals (e.g. davidite and allanite). Two main types of apatite are recognised: apatite with inclusions (dominantly monazite, xenotime and allanite) and inclusion poor/free apatite. The presence of calcite paragenesis with Th-REE, Th and U-Th-REE mineralisation indicates transportation of Th and REEs by carbonate complexes in post-magmatic alkaline fluids.

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Rare earth elements in the iron-oxide apatite (IOA) deposit: insights from apatite

Yan

Liu

2022

International Geology Review

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REE-Th mineralization in the Se-Chahun magnetite-apatite ore deposit, central Iran: Interplay of magmatic and metasomatic processes

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Formation and evolution of Th–REE mineralizing fluids at the Kiruna‐type Choghart iron oxide–apatite deposit, Central Iran: Insights from fluid inclusions and H‐C‐O isotopes

Formation and evolution of Th–REE mineralizing fluids at the Kiruna‐type Choghart iron oxide–apatite deposit, Central Iran: Insights from fluid inclusions and H‐C‐O isotopes

Mineralogy of various types of Th-U-REE mineralisation in the iron oxide – apatite deposits of the Bafq district, Central Iran

Rare earth elements in the iron-oxide apatite (IOA) deposit: insights from apatite

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