Reduction of nitrate to nitrite with cadmium

Margeson, John H.; Suggs, Jack C.; Midgett, M.R.

doi:10.1021/ac50062a039

Cited by 35 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In addition, bryophytes absorb more ammonium-N than nitrate-N and glycine-N. It was had been demonstrated that nitrate must be converted to ammonium before it is combined with carbon compounds (Haynes and Goh 1978;Margeson et al 1980). After the exposure of bryophytes to both ammonium and nitrate, nitrate reductase activity can be lowered by inhibiting NR-enzyme induction or by enhancing degradation of the induced enzyme because of the ammonium accumulation in tissues (Jauhiainen et al 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Wang

Shi

et al. 2014

J. Mt. Sci.

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Due to their particular physiology and life history traits, bryophytes are critical in regulating biogeochemical cycles and functions in alpine ecosystem. Hence, it is crucial to investigate their nutrient utilization strategies in comparison with vascular plants and understand their responses to the variation of growing season caused by climate change. Firstly, this study testified whether or not bryophytes can absorb nitrogen (N) directly from soil through spiking three chemical forms of 15N stable isotope tracer.Secondly, with stronger ability of carbohydrates assimilation and photosynthesis, it is supposed that N utilization efficiency of vascular plants is significantly higher than that of bryophytes. However, the recovery of soil N by bryophytes can still compete with vascular plants due to their greater phytomass. Thirdly, resource acquisition may be varied from the change of growing season, during which N pulse can be manipulated with 15N tracer addition at different time. Both of bryophytes and vascular plants contain more N in a longer growing season, and prefer inorganic over organic N. Bryophytes assimilate more NH4+ than NO3-and amino acid, which can be indicated from the greater shoot excess 15N of bryophytes. However, vascular plants prefer to absorb NO3-for their developed root systems and vascular tissue. Concerning the uptake of three forms N by bryophytes, there is significant difference between two manipulated lengths of growing season. Furthermore, the capacity of bryophytes to tolerate N-pollution may be lower than currently appreciated, which indicates the effect of climate change on asynchronous variation of soil N pools with plant requirements.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Wang

Shi

et al. 2014

J. Mt. Sci.

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“…The incubation of samples with 16.5 mM sulfamic acid (final concentration) for B12 h achieved better NO 2 À removal efficiency than the reduction with azide, and so became our method of choice for subsequent nitrite oxidation rate measurements (Supplementary Figure S1). Following NO 2 À removal, sample pH was adjusted to 8-9 and spongy cadmium was added to 6 ml of experimental subsamples in order to reduce NO 3 À to NO 2 À (Margeson et al, 1980;McIlvin and Altabet, 2005). They were then incubated for at least 12 h on a horizontal shaker at room temperature (Gal et al, 2004).…”

Section: N-incubation Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrite oxidation in the Namibian oxygen minimum zone

et al. 2011

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Nitrite oxidation is the second step of nitrification. It is the primary source of oceanic nitrate, the predominant form of bioavailable nitrogen in the ocean. Despite its obvious importance, nitrite oxidation has rarely been investigated in marine settings. We determined nitrite oxidation rates directly in 15 N-incubation experiments and compared the rates with those of nitrate reduction to nitrite, ammonia oxidation, anammox, denitrification, as well as dissimilatory nitrate/nitrite reduction to ammonium in the Namibian oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). Nitrite oxidation (p372 nM NO 2 À d À1 ) was detected throughout the OMZ even when in situ oxygen concentrations were low to non-detectable. Nitrite oxidation rates often exceeded ammonia oxidation rates, whereas nitrate reduction served as an alternative and significant source of nitrite. Nitrite oxidation and anammox co-occurred in these oxygen-deficient waters, suggesting that nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) likely compete with anammox bacteria for nitrite when substrate availability became low. Among all of the known NOB genera targeted via catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization, only Nitrospina and Nitrococcus were detectable in the Namibian OMZ samples investigated. These NOB were abundant throughout the OMZ and contributed up to B9% of total microbial community. Our combined results reveal that a considerable fraction of the recently recycled nitrogen or reduced NO 3 À was re-oxidized back to NO 3 À via nitrite oxidation, instead of being lost from the system through the anammox or denitrification pathways.

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“…8 To allow use of this procedure, a method was developed to quantitatively reduce NO3~ to NC>2~ with cadmium. 9 The sample preparation and analysis procedure ultimately developed involves: acidification of an aliquot of the collected sample to convert any residual NO 2t o NO3~, removal of MnC^" by addition of oxalic acid at 50-60°C, adjusting the pH to 12.0 to stabilize the NO 2f ormed during subsequent cadmium reduction, filtering to remove Mn(0H)2 which precipitates during pH adjustment, addition of EDTA to chelate Cd +2 which forms during NO3r eduction, percolating the sample through a cadmium column, color development, and measurement of absorbance at 540 nm. (The detailed procedure is available from the authors.)…”

Section: Alkaline-permanganate Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Sampling and Analysis Methods for Determining NO_xEmissions at Electric Utility Plants

Margeson¹,

Mitchell²,

Suggs³

et al. 1982

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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Reduction of nitrate to nitrite with cadmium

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Nitrite oxidation in the Namibian oxygen minimum zone

Integrated Sampling and Analysis Methods for Determining NO_xEmissions at Electric Utility Plants

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Reduction of nitrate to nitrite with cadmium

Cited by 35 publications

References 1 publication

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Uptake and recovery of soil nitrogen by bryophytes and vascular plants in an alpine meadow

Nitrite oxidation in the Namibian oxygen minimum zone

Integrated Sampling and Analysis Methods for Determining NOxEmissions at Electric Utility Plants

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Product

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Integrated Sampling and Analysis Methods for Determining NO_xEmissions at Electric Utility Plants