Reducing the erosive wear rate of Cr2AlC MAX phase ceramic by oxidative healing of local impact damage

Shen, Lu; Eichner, Daniel; Zwaag, Sybrand van der; Leyens, Christoph; Sloof, Willem G.

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2016.03.019

Cited by 23 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Replacing NiCoCrAlY by Cr 2 AlC, which has a CTE of 13 × 10 −6 K −1 , might reduce the stress. Finally, the self‐healing capability at high temperature of Al‐based MAX phases may play an important role in case of a crack penetrating into the bond coat layer . Nevertheless, one of the potential drawbacks for using MAX phases as bond coat is the inner diffusion of metallic elements from the superalloy substrate .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, the self-healing capability at high temperature of Al-based MAX phases may play an important role in case of a crack penetrating into the bond coat layer. 19 Nevertheless, one of the potential drawbacks for using MAX phases as bond coat is the inner diffusion of metallic elements from the superalloy substrate. 20,21 In that case, Cr 2 AlC is the most promising composition since it exhibits lower diffusion rates and better compatibility with superalloys than Ti 2 AlC.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cr₂AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

et al. 2019

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Cr2AlC layers with thickness up to 100 µm were deposited by high‐velocity‐atmospheric plasma spray (HV‐APS) on Inconel 738 substrates to analyze the potential of MAX phases as bond coat in thermal barrier coating systems (TBCs). The deposited Cr2AlC layers showed high purity with theoretical densities up to 93%, although some secondary phases were detected after the deposition process. On top of this MAX phase layer, a porous yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying. The system was tested under realistic thermal loading conditions using a burner rig facility, achieving surface and substrate temperatures of 1400°C and 1050°C, respectively. The system failed after 745 cycles mainly for three reasons: (i) open porosity of the bond coat layer, (ii) oxidation of secondary phases, and (iii) inter‐diffusion. Nevertheless, these results show a high potential of Cr2AlC and other Al‐based MAX phases as bond coat material for high‐temperature applications. Furthermore, future challenges to transfer MAX phases as eventual bond coat or protective layer are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Cr₂AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

et al. 2019

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“…Then, the average removed layer thickness is obtained by dividing this volume by the area of the erosion spot, hence:

<! [C D A T A false[δ = \frac{normalΔ m}{π a^{2} ρ_{t}} false]] >

where “ a ” is the radius of the eroded spot which is considered to be constant in time for the erosion conditions explored . Also, the solid erosion resistance was characterized by another method with volume of erosion rate, which is the volume loss of sample divided by the mass of alumina erosion particle and denoted by the Equation () …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

<! [C D A T A false[ω = \frac{M_{1} - M_{2}}{ρ M_{3}} false]] >

where “ ω” is the volume of erosion rate of the coated sample (mm 3 /g), “ ρ” is the density of the sample, “ M 1 ” and “ M 2 ” are the mass of the sample before and after the alumina particle impact erosion test, respectively; and M 3 is the mass of the alumina erosion particle …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidation‐induced crack healing and erosion life assessment of Ni–Mo–Al–Cr₇C₃–Al₂O₃ composite coating

Davis

Anandhan²,

Singh

2019

Int J Applied Ceramic Tech

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The present investigation focuses on the effect of Cr2AlC MAX phase addition on erosion and oxidation‐induced crack healing behavior of Ni–Mo–Al alloy. For this, Ni–Mo–Al and 20 wt% Cr2AlC‐blended Ni–Mo–Al powders were coated by Air Plasma Spray (APS). For oxidation‐induced crack healing studies, the samples were heat treated at 500, 800, and 1100°C in the air for 5 hours. The heat‐treated samples were analyzed by X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) for the phases, morphology, and composition. Erosion behavior studies were carried out at 30, 250, 500, 800, and 1000°C temperatures. The average hardness was obtained to be 400 ± 10 HV for Ni–Mo–Al coating and 580 ± 10 HV for 20 wt% Cr2AlC‐blended Ni–Mo–Al coating. The addition of Cr2AlC MAX into Ni–Mo–Al matrix reduces the overall erosion rate and improved the crack healing ability. This was attributed to the presence of in‐situ‐formed Cr7C3 and Al2O3 phases.

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“…The oxidation-induced crack-healing has been realized in Ti2AlC [208][209][210][211], Ti3AlC2 [207], Cr2AlC [212][213][214], Ti2(Sn,Al)C [215], and Ti2SnC [216], by exposing the pre-notched or cracked samples to oxidizing atmosphere (air) for several hours at elevated temperature. After the oxidation process, the microcracks filling with mainly Al2O3 or SnO2, but also rutile TiO2 and Cr7C3, were observed, while nearly fully recovered, or in some cases, even higher values of the flexural strength were measured [209,212,216].…”

Section: From Oxidation To Crack Self-healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Formation of Nanolaminated Transition Metal Carbide Thin Films

Lai¹

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The cover image is a simple sketch of structural-chemical relation in between the metal layers in nanolaminated transition metal carbides: Mo2GaC, Mo2Ga2C, and Mo2(Au1-xGax)2C with an in-plane order in the Au-Ga layers, where the last two phases were discovered in this thesis. © Chung-Chuan Lai 2017Printed in Sweden by LiU-Tryck 2017 ISSN 0345-7524 ISBN 978-91-7685-526-3 i AbstractResearch on inherently nanolaminated transition metal carbides is inspired by their unique properties combining metals and ceramics, such as higher damage tolerance, better machinability and lower brittleness compared to the binary counterparts, yet retaining the metallic conductivity. The interesting properties are related to their laminated structure, composed of transition-metal carbide layers interleaved by non-transition-metal (carbide) layers. These materials in thin-film form are particularly interesting for potential applications such as protective coatings and electrical contacts. The goal of this work is to explore nanolaminated transition metal carbides from the aspects of phase formation and crystal growth during thin-film synthesis. This was realized by studying phases in select material systems synthesized from two major approaches, namely, from direct-deposition and post-deposition treatment.The first approach was used in studies on the Mo-Ga-C and Zr-Al-C systems. In the former system, intriguing properties have been predicted for the 3D phases and their 2D derivatives (so called MXenes), while in the latter system, the phases are interesting for nuclear applications.In this work, the discovery of a new Mo-based nanolaminated ternary carbide, Mo2Ga2C, is evidenced from thin-film and bulk processes. Its structure was determined using theoretical and experimental techniques, showing that Mo2Ga2C has Ga double-layers in simple hexagonal stacking between adjacent Mo2C layers, and therefore is structurally very similar to Mo2GaC, except for the additional Ga layers. For the Zr-Al-C system, the optimization of phase composition and structure of Zr2Al3C4 in a thin-film deposition process was studied by evaluating the effect of deposition parameters. I concluded that the formation of Zr2Al3C4 is favored with a plasma flux overstoichiometric in Al, and with a minimum lattice-mismatch to the substrates. Consequently, epitaxial Zr2Al3C4 thin film of high quality were deposited on 4H-SiC(001) substrates at 800 °C.With the approach of post-deposition treatment, the studies were focused on a new method of thermally-induced selective substitution reaction of Au for the non-transition-metal layers in nanolaminated carbides. Here, the reaction mechanism has been explored in Al-containing (Ti2AlC and Ti3AlC2) and Ga-containing (Mo2GaC and Mo2Ga2C) phases. The Al and Ga in ii these phases were selectively replaced by Au while the carbide layers remained intact, resulting in the formation of new layered phases, Ti2Au2C, Ti3Au2C2, Mo2AuC, and Mo2(Au1-xGax)2C, respectively. The substitution reaction was explained by fast outward diffus...

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Reducing the erosive wear rate of Cr2AlC MAX phase ceramic by oxidative healing of local impact damage

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Cr₂AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

Cr₂AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

Oxidation‐induced crack healing and erosion life assessment of Ni–Mo–Al–Cr₇C₃–Al₂O₃ composite coating

Phase Formation of Nanolaminated Transition Metal Carbide Thin Films

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Reducing the erosive wear rate of Cr2AlC MAX phase ceramic by oxidative healing of local impact damage

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Cr2AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

Cr2AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

Oxidation‐induced crack healing and erosion life assessment of Ni–Mo–Al–Cr7C3–Al2O3 composite coating

Phase Formation of Nanolaminated Transition Metal Carbide Thin Films

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Product

Resources

About

Cr₂AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

Cr₂AlC MAX phase as bond coat for thermal barrier coatings: Processing, testing under thermal gradient loading, and future challenges

Oxidation‐induced crack healing and erosion life assessment of Ni–Mo–Al–Cr₇C₃–Al₂O₃ composite coating