Reducing intergroup bias: Elements of intergroup cooperation.

Abstract

The authors examined the potentially separable contributions of 2 elements of intergroup cooperation, interaction and common fate, and the processes through which they can operate. The manipulation of interaction reduced bias in evaluative ratings, which supports the idea that these components are separable, whereas the manipulation of common fate when the groups were interacting was associated with lower bias in nonverbal facial reactions in response to contributions by in-group and out-group members. Whereas interaction activated several processes that can lead to reduced bias, including decategorization, consistent with the common in-group identity model (S. L. Gaertner, J. F. Dovidio, P. A. Anastasio, B. A. Bachman, & M. C. Rust, 1993) as well as M. Hewstone and R. J. Brown's (1986) group differentiation model, the primary set of mediators involved participants' representations of the memberships as 2 subgroups within a superordinate entity.

Interacting Dimensions of Diversity: Cross-Categorization and the Functioning of Diverse Work Groups.

“…On top of the gender manipulation, participants were given bogus feedback on a fake personality test, and they received colored baseball caps that corresponded with their gender and supposed personality type (cf. Gaertner et al, 1999).…”

Reviewing Diversity Training: Where We Have Been and Where We Should Go

“…According to these frameworks, the effects of diversity training can be predicted based on the interplay of positive (recognition and appreciation of cultural differences) and negative (racial, ethnic and religious prejudice and discrimination) intergroup attitudes resulting from the saliency of the trainee's identity. Further, intergroup contact under the right conditions may increase the perception of similarity and promote liking (Allport, 1954;Gaertner et al, 1999;Pettigrew, 1998). Equal status, personal contact, cooperation for shared goals, development of intergroup norms that support constructive interaction, and institutional support for contact are important conditions affecting the outcome of contact and thus effectiveness of the diversity training program.…”

Sport events and ethnic reconciliation: Attempting to create social change between Sinhalese, Tamil and Muslim sportspeople in war-torn Sri Lanka

“…The most recent approach to reducing intergroup distance is the Dual Identity Model (DIM) (Dovidio, Gaertner, & Validzic, 1998;Gaertner et al, 1999;González & Brown, 2003;Hornsey & Hogg, 2000). Upon considering the constraints and advantages of all previous models, the DIM represents a rapprochement of the CIIM and MIDM, thereby seeking to reap the benefits of both.…”