Reduced rumination in bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie

Austin, AR; Simmons, MM

doi:10.1136/vr.132.13.324

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Of the remaining 10 cases, two were animals slaughtered for reasons which were, at the time, not associated with bse . One of these was slaughtered because of chronic ruminal stasis/impaction, which is now known to be a clinical sign variably associated with bse (Austin and Simmons 1993). The other animal was found recumbent, which was thought to have been a result of trauma.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cohort study to examine maternally‐associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy

et al. 1997

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This long-term cohort study, initiated in July 1989, was designed to examine maternally-associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), forming part of the epidemiological research programme to assess the risks of non-feedborne transmission of BSE. In this study, the incidence of BSE in offspring of cows which developed clinical signs of BSE is compared with that in offspring, born in the same calving season and herd, of cows which had reached at least six years of age and had not developed BSE. All offspring were allowed to live to seven years of age. The results indicate a statistically significant risk difference between the two cohorts of 9.7 per cent and a relative risk of 3.2 for offspring of cows which developed clinical BSE. However, there is some evidence that this enhanced risk for offspring of BSE cases declined the later the offspring was born, but was increased the later the offspring was born in relation to the stage of the incubation period of the dam. The results presented cannot distinguish between a genetic component and true maternal transmission or a combination of both risks, but they do not indicate either that the BSE epidemic will be unduly prolonged or that the future incidence of BSE in Great Britain will increase significantly.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cohort study to examine maternally‐associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy

et al. 1997

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“…The food intake of cows affected by bse has not been reported but studies of oral behaviours of affected cattle have shown that their time spent eating is unchanged (Austin and Simmons 1993, Austin and others 1994). Their physiological drive to eat, therefore, appears to remain intact, although it may decline in the terminal stage of the disease.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities of heart rate and rhythm in bovine spongiform encephalopathy

et al. 1997

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Heart rates of healthy cows and cows suspected of having bovine spongiform encephalopathy were measured by auscultation and by a portable cardiac monitor. Bradycardia was demonstrated in suspect cases which were confirmed histopathologically. Disturbances in cardiac rhythm were also evident in some cases. Healthy cows deprived of food exhibited bradycardia. The administration of pharmacological doses of atropine indicated that bradycardia in BSE was mediated by increased vagal influence, suggesting that the cardioinhibitory reflexes in the caudal brainstem were functionally altered by the disease.

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“…Pruritus and ataxia are often described as features of UK sheep scrapie; yet these signs are often absent, and some sheep with scrapie lesions characteristic of advanced disease may apparently die without any overt clinical signs [35]. When neurological signs are present, locomotor deficits occur for a relatively short interval late in the incubation period, but other more subtle signs, such as abnormalities of cardiac rhythm and rumination rates [36,37], and weight loss, may occur relatively early. Behavioural changes may allow observant farmers to identify affected sheep months before profound neurological deficits are evident [38].…”

Section: The Causes Of Neurological Deficits In Sheep Tsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classical sheep transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: pathogenesis, pathological phenotypes and clinical disease

Jeffrey¹,

González²

2007

Neuropathology Appl Neurobio

111

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It is generally assumed that neuroinvasion results from infection of the enteric nervous system neurones subsequent to amplification of infectivity in lymphoid tissues and later spread via sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways. The evidence for this is, however, circumstantial. Accumulation of PrP d and presence of infectivity in tissues other than the nervous and lymphoreticular systems gives insights on the ways of transmission of infection and on food safety.

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Reduced rumination in bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

A cohort study to examine maternally‐associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy

A cohort study to examine maternally‐associated risk factors for bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Abnormalities of heart rate and rhythm in bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Classical sheep transmissible spongiform encephalopathies: pathogenesis, pathological phenotypes and clinical disease

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