Reduced protein diet and amino acid concentration alter intestinal barrier function and performance of broiler chickens with or without synthetic glucocorticoid

Barekatain, Reza; Nattrass, G. S.; Tilbrook, Alan John; Chousalkar, Kapil K.; Gilani, Saad

doi:10.3382/ps/pey563

Cited by 58 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A rye-based diet was used as a model of gut barrier dysfunction according to Latorre et al [16]. Dexamethasone was used as another model based on previous experiments [17,18]. Birds were provided with experimental diets from d 13 to 21.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excreta biomarkers in response to different gut barrier dysfunction models and probiotic supplementation in broiler chickens

et al. 2020

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Increased intestinal permeability (IP) and inflammation are both linked with functionality of the intestinal barrier and in particular enterocytes. Currently, almost all assessment methods of the intestinal barrier function are invasive. The present study aimed to quantify selected proteins as novel biomarkers in excreta of broiler chickens to facilitate non-invasive assessment of gut barrier function using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). It was further hypothesised that probiotics as feed additives may counteract gut barrier dysfunction. A 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments was used with the main factors being gut barrier dysfunction models (control, rye-based diet, and dexamethasone-DEX) with and without probiotic supplementation (a three-strain Bacillus) using 72 male Ross 308 day-old chickens. Each of the 6 experimental treatments was replicated 12 times. On d 21 of age, fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran (FITC-d) uptake into serum was examined to test IP. Fresh excreta samples were collected on d 20. The biomarkers included alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT), intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), lipocalin-2 (LCN2), fibronectin (FN), intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), ovotransferrin (OVT) and superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (SOD1). Only DEX increased (P<0.001) FITC-d passage to the blood on d 21 of age, indicating a greater IP. The excreta concentrations of A1AT, I-FABP and SOD1 were unaltered by the experimental treatments. DEX increased (P<0.05) FN concentration in excreta compared with control birds. Conversely, inclusion of rye in the diet reduced (P<0.05) FN but increased (P<0.001) OVT in excreta. Independently, DEX decreased IAP (P<0.05) in excreta compared with control and rye-fed birds. The excreta concentration of LCN2 tended (P = 0.086) to increase in birds injected by DEX. There was no demonstrable effect of probiotic addition on any of the studied parameters. Among the tested biomarkers, FN, IAP, and LCN2 revealed promise as biomarkers of intestinal barrier function quantified by ELISA kits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On d 21, each bird was administered an aqueous oral gavage solution of FITC-d (2.2 mg/bird) similar to previous studies [17,19]. After 150 min, blood collection (max.…”

Section: Fitc-d Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excreta biomarkers in response to different gut barrier dysfunction models and probiotic supplementation in broiler chickens

et al. 2020

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“…In our study, greater number of TJ-related genes in the ileum were affected by lack of feed for the first 48 h in comparison to the jejunum. It has been previously shown that expression of genes associated with gut barrier and health is primarily modulated in the ileum ( Palamidi and Mountzouris, 2018 ; Barekatain et al., 2019b ). Moreover, in the chicken, mRNA expression patterns of nearly all TJ-related genes showed downregulation during the first 2 wk post-hatch, while during the same period, mRNA level of gut barrier-related genes was upregulated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly to CLDN 1 and 5 protein expression, no significant differences between FD and NFD groups were detected. Claudins serve as backbones of TJ complexes and their role is regarded as one of the most relevant immunohistochemical markers for TJ ( Barekatain et al., 2019b ). Lack of corresponding changes in CLDNs and ZO-1 expression profile between mRNA and protein suggests that post-translational modification could be involved in the regulation of protein activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional state of TJ is immensely dynamic. They open and close when exposed to a range of stimuli, including nutrients, absorption processes, hormonal or neuronal signals, various cellular pathways, and inflammatory mediators ( Barekatain et al., 2019b ). A TJ consists of zona occludens-1 ( ZO-1 ), occludins ( OCLN ), claudins ( CLDN ), and actin-myosin cytoskeletal proteins ( Gil-Cardoso et al., 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of delayed feeding post-hatch on expression of tight junction– and gut barrier–related genes in the small intestine of broiler chickens during neonatal development

et al. 2020

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The gut not only plays a key role in digestion and absorption of nutrients but also forms a physical barrier and first line of defense between the host and the luminal environment. A functional gut barrier (mucus and epithelial cells with tight junctions [ TJ ]) is essential for optimal health and efficient production in poultry. In current broiler system, chicks are deprived of food and water up to 72 h due to uneven hatching, hatchery procedures, and transportation. Post-hatch feed delay results in lower BW, higher FCR and mortality, and delayed post-hatch gut development. Little is known about the effects of early neonatal development and delayed feeding immediately post-hatch on gut barrier function in chickens. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterize the expression pattern of gut barrier–related and TJ-related genes in the small intestine of broiler chickens during early development and delay in access to feed. Newly hatched chicks received feed and water immediately after hatch or were subjected to 48 h delayed access to feed to mimic commercial hatchery setting and operations. Birds were sampled (n = 6) at −48, 0, 4, 24, 48, 72, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, and 336 h post-hatch. Jejunum and ileum were collected, cleaned of digesta, and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen or fixed in paraformaldehyde. The relative mRNA levels of gut barrier- and TJ-related protein genes were measured by quantitative PCR and analyzed by 2-way ANOVA. In both tissues, changes ( P < 0.05) in gene expression pattern of gut barrier–related and TJ-related genes were detected due to delayed access to feed post-hatch and/or development. In general, expression of TJ-related genes was downregulated while mRNA levels of gut barrier-related genes were upregulated during development. Histological differences and changes in mucin staining due to age and treatment were observed. These results suggest that delayed access to feed post-hatch may affect TJ structure and/or function and therefore gut barrier function and overall health of the chicken small intestine.

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Gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology

Proszkowiec‐Weglarz

2022

Sturkie's Avian Physiology

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Reduced protein diet and amino acid concentration alter intestinal barrier function and performance of broiler chickens with or without synthetic glucocorticoid

Cited by 58 publications

References 52 publications

Excreta biomarkers in response to different gut barrier dysfunction models and probiotic supplementation in broiler chickens

Excreta biomarkers in response to different gut barrier dysfunction models and probiotic supplementation in broiler chickens

Effect of delayed feeding post-hatch on expression of tight junction– and gut barrier–related genes in the small intestine of broiler chickens during neonatal development

Gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology

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